生殖系基因编辑视角下后代人的伦理与法律协同保障机制研究  

Research on the Collaborative Protection Mechanism of Ethics and Law for Future Generations from the Perspective of Human Germline Genome Editing

作　　者：张晓肖 ZHANG Xiaoxiao(Faculty of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei,430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2023年第12期88-96,共9页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“弘扬社会主义法治精神研究”(项目编号:22AZD058)。

摘　　要：生殖系基因编辑基于其可遗传性和不可逆性的特征,容易引发贬损后代人尊严、破坏社会公平、催生基因歧视和违背代际正义等潜在风险,导致治理陷入“科林格里奇困境”,对后代人发展产生不利影响。因此,国内外加快了相应的伦理与法律制度建设,为后代人发展提供保障。但两种模式间还存在着衔接不畅的问题,需要构建伦理与法律协同保障机制,使两者的功能互通互补,从而达到保障效果最大化。协同保障机制需确立以伦理原则为导向,以具体法律制度为抓手的基本原则,采取目标协同、主体协同、标准协同和程序协同的具体路径,以期最终实现基因编辑技术蓬勃发展,增进后代福祉的美好愿望。Human germline genome editing,based on its heritability and irreversibility,can easily lead to potential risks such as derogating from the dignity of future generations,undermining social equity,promoting genetic discrimination,and violating intergenerational justice,leading to governance falling into the“Collingridge’s Dilemma”and having adverse effects on the development of future generations.Therefore,the construction of corresponding ethical and legal systems has been accelerated both domestically and internationally,providing guarantees for the development of future generations.However,there is still a problem of poor connection between the two models,and it is necessary to build an ethical and legal collaborative protection mechanism,so that the functions of the two are interconnected and complementary,in order to maximize the protection effect.The collaborative protection mechanism needs to establish a basic principle guided by ethical principles and norms,with specific legal systems as the starting point,and adopt specific paths of goal synergy,subject synergy,standard synergy,and procedure synergy,in order to ultimately achieve the flourishing development of gene editing technology and enhance the good wishes of future generations.

关 键 词：基因编辑 后代人 伦理原则 法律规范 协同治理 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]