马铃薯种质资源的耐碱性评价和耐碱种质离体筛选  

Evaluation on Alkali Tolerance of Potato Germplasm Resources and in vitro Screening of Alkali Tolerant Germplasms

作　　者：刘芳[1] 陈广侠[1] 赵朋 于韶玮 杨元军[1] Liu Fang;Chen Guangxia;Zhao Peng;Yu Shaowei;Yang Yuanjun(Institute of Vegetables,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology/Shandong Branch of National Vegetable Improvement Center,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/山东省设施蔬菜生物学重点实验室/国家蔬菜改良中心山东分中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第11期73-78,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省薯类产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-16-05);山东省农业良种工程项目“耐盐碱优质马铃薯突破性新品种选育”(2020LZGC003);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目“马铃薯种质资源创新及利用”(CXGC2022C03);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“F3′5′H调控马铃薯花青素合成流向的分子机理研究”(31901589)。

摘　　要：本试验以前期从1000余份马铃薯种质中筛选出的12份耐盐马铃薯种质和10份盐敏感种质为材料,在0、5、10、15、20 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)胁迫下,测定植株有效生长率,并建立NaHCO_(3)浓度与植株有效生长率的回归方程。结果表明,根据回归方程计算植株有效生长率达到50%时的NaHCO_(3)浓度为11.60 mmol/L,因此确定11.60 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)为筛选马铃薯耐盐碱种质的适宜碱浓度。在11.60 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)浓度下,测定供试材料植株的有效生长率、株高、根数、茎叶重和根重,计算这些指标的耐碱系数,并根据指标值和耐碱系数对供试材料的耐碱性进行综合评价,筛选出2份耐碱种质B154和D56。高耐碱性鉴定表明,B154和D56对20 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)胁迫有较强的适应性,茎叶重分别为对照的34.48%和14.56%,根重分别为对照的31.25%和9.33%,株高分别为对照的64.77%和48.90%。Twelve salt-tolerant and ten salt-insensitive germplasms screened from more than 1000 potato germplasms in former experiment were used as materials.The effective growth rate of plants was determined un-der 0,5,10,15 mmol/L and 20 mmol/L NaHCO_(3) stress,and the regression equation of NaHCO_(3) concentration and effective growth rate of plants was established.According to the regression equation,the NaHCO_(3) concentra-tion was 11.60 mmol/L when the effective plant growth rate reached 50%.Therefore,11.60 mmol/L NaHCO_(3) was determined to be the appropriate alkali concentration for screening the saline-alkali tolerant potato germ-plasm.Then,at the concentration of 11.60 mmol/L NaHCO_(3),the effective growth rate,plant height,root num-ber,stem and leaf fresh weight and root fresh weight of the tested materials were determined,and the alkali tol-erance coefficients of these indexes were calculated.According to the indexes values and alkali tolerance coeffi-cients,the alkali tolerance of the tested materials was evaluated comprehensively,and two alkali resistant germ-plasm D56 and B154 were selected.The results of alkali tolerance identification showed that B154 and D56 had strong adaptability to 20 mmol/L NaHCO_(3) stress,and the weight of stem and leaves were 34.48%and 14.56%of that of the control respectively,the root weight were 31.25%and 9.33%of that of the control respectively,and the plant height was 64.77%and 48.90%of that of the control respectively.

关 键 词：马铃薯 耐碱性 综合评价 种质筛选 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]