涝渍胁迫下施氮量对玉米生物量积累、分配和氮素利用率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Maize Biomass Accumulation and Distribution and Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Waterlogging Stress

作　　者：马仲文[1] 李祖亮[2] Ma Zhongwen;Li Zuliang(College of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture,Fuzhou 350119,China;Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农业职业技术学院现代农业工程学院,福建福州350119 [2]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第11期138-143,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020ZR010)。

摘　　要：本研究探讨涝渍胁迫条件下施氮对玉米地上部生物量积累、分配及氮素利用效率的影响,旨在揭示玉米生长早期水分胁迫机理,为玉米高产高效栽培提供科学指导。试验采用裂区设计,研究玉米全生育期适宜灌水(WW)和拔节期内涝6 d(WL)条件下氮肥不同用量(0、120、180、240、300 kg/hm^(2))对玉米生物量积累、分配及其氮素吸收和利用效率的影响。结果表明,内涝6 d(WL)条件下,所有施氮处理的玉米幼苗生物量、氮素积累量、氮素收获指数、硝酸还原酶活性、氮素利用效率和氮肥偏生产力均显著低于适宜灌水条件下的各施氮处理,且各指标值(氮肥偏生产力除外)随施氮量的增加呈增加趋势;根长密度和根系生物量也随施氮量的增加而增加。因此,在WL条件下,适当增加氮肥用量(300 kg/hm^(2))有助于提高涝渍玉米地上部的生物量积累、分配和氮素利用效率。In this study,the effects of nitrogen application on biomass accumulation and distribution in the aboveground part and nitrogen use efficiency of maize under waterlogging stress were studied in order to re-veal the mechanism of water stress at early growth stage of maize,so as to provide scientific guidance for high-yielding and high-efficiency cultivation of maize.Split-block design was used in the experiment.The nitrogen application rates including 0,120,180,240 and 300 kg/hm^(2) under the conditions of suitable irrigation during the whole growth period(WW)and waterlogging for 6 days at joining stage(WL)were set.The results showed that under the WL condition,the biomass,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen harvest index,nitrate re-ductase activity,nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity(NPFP)of maize seedlings re-duced significantly under all the nitrogen application treatments compared with WW.In addition,the above parameters except NPFP showed increasing trends with the increase of N application rate,as well as root length density and root biomass.It indicated that suitable increase of nitrogen application rate(300 kg/hm^(2))could help improve the biomass accumulation and allocation in aboveground part and nitrogen use efficiency of maize in waterlogging field.

关 键 词：涝渍胁迫 施氮量 玉米 地上部生物量 氮素利用率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]