美好生活需要的生态伦理实践  

Ecological ethics for a better life

作　　者：单杰 陈进华[2] SHAN Jie;CHEN Jin-hua

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215021 [2]苏州大学政治与公共管理学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期34-41,I0001,共9页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时代县域政府治理效能评估及提升路径研究“(20AZZ011)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“美好生活”在中西伦理史中都具有丰富的内涵。在传统伦理思想中的“美好生活”主要与个人的美好德性相关联,而工业化以来人类对自然的不断征服改变了人与自然的关系,由工业文明引发的生态危机成为追求美好生活必须解决的问题,由此促进了人对自身与自然关系的认知,即优良的生态环境是人类的“美好生活”的必要基础。自此,美好生活与生态伦理生成了一种双向耦合关系,这要求人们遵循人与自然的共生关系,建构人与自然相互依存的生命共同体。美好生活需要的伦理观包括承认自然独立存在的价值和天然权利,人类必须尊重和保障自然权利,在开发利用自然资源时要秉持生态公平原则,注重发展的可持续性和代际公平性。而生态伦理导向的美好生活实践路径包括生态伦理思想、生态法和生态正义观等的教育、宣传和普及,重点对城市空间布局与生活功能进行优化,以实现生态伦理价值作为科技发展的核心要求,限制不符合生态伦理要求的所谓“新科技”。融合运用包含中国传统生态思想,批判运用西方生态伦理的不同观念,以马克思唯物主义的生态观和实践观作为人们践行生态伦理导向的美好生活新家园的现实依据,将成为从工业文明向生态文明转型中实现人民美好生活需要的必然道路。The concept of“a better life”has rich connotations in both Western and Chinese ethics.In traditional ethics,it is mainly associated with the individual’s virtues.Since the advent of industrialization,humanity’s continuous conquest of nature has changed the relationship between man and nature.The ecological crisis caused by industrial civilization,if not solved,will ruin human’s pursuit of a better life.In this sense,a dual⁃coupling relationship between a better life and ecological ethics has emerged.It requires a symbiotic relationship between man and nature,and a community of inter⁃dependent life.Accordingly,the ethical values includes recognizing the independence and rights of nature,respecting the rights of nature,and advancing ecological justice in the interest of a sustainable planet for contemporaries,future generations and other living things.The path to a better life guided by ecological ethics includes education and popularization of ecological ethics;in particular,optimizing urban spatial layout and functions,prioritizing ecological ethical values in technological development,and restricting the so⁃called“new technologies”that do not meet ecological ethics.Other paths are the integration of Chinese traditional ecological wisdom,critical application of Western ecological ethics,and use of Marxist materialist ecological views.

关 键 词：美好生活 生态伦理 双向耦合 自然 消费主义 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]