一步水热改性凹凸棒石黏土及性能研究  

Properties of Palygorskite Clay Modified by One-Step Hydrothermal Treatment

作　　者：陈晓娟 桑仁慧 刘文琪 高和璇 刘海华 蒋金龙 陈梓[1] Chen Xiaojuan;Sang Renhui;Liu Wenqi;Gao Hexuan;Liu Haihua;Jiang Jinlong;Chen Zi(Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu Province,Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huaian,Jiangsu 223003;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huaian,Jiangsu 223003)

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院化学工程学院,江苏省凹土资源利用重点实验室,江苏淮安223003 [2]淮阴工学院矿盐资源深度利用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《非金属矿》2023年第6期16-18,23,共4页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：江苏省凹土资源利用重点实验室自主课题(HPZ202001);江苏省大学生科技创新计划资助项目(202311049060Y)。

摘　　要：以凹凸棒石(Pal)黏土为原料,采用一步酸化-有机改性制备改性Pal,对其性能和黏度进行了研究。结果表明,采用酸化可去除可溶性杂质及解离Pal晶体,增加Pal的比表面积和孔径,但对Pal黏度提高能力有限。十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性可在Pal表面引入有机基团,其憎水性使Pal颗粒稳定,可提高改性Pal在水中的黏度。酸洗后引入CTAB,CTAB不影响Pal结构性能,且极大地提高了改性Pal在水溶液中的黏度。当HCl浓度和CTAB的质量浓度分别为1 mol/L和10 g/L时,改性Pal的黏度可达到1280 mPa·s。这是因为改性剂阳离子吸附后虽然会增加Pal表面正电荷,但也分散了Pal晶体,增加了Pal表面的暴露,CTAB碳链的憎水性使Pal颗粒稳定,进一步提高了Pal的zeta电位绝对值,Pal颗粒间斥力增大,改性Pal在水中的黏度得到大幅提高。进一步增加改性剂浓度会提高Pal表面正电荷或者碳链数量,导致其负电荷及zeta电位绝对值下降,黏度反而下降。Modified palygorskite(Pal)was prepared with pal after acid-treatment and organic modification via one-step hydrothermal treatment,and its properties and viscosity were studied.The results showed that acidification could remove soluble impurities and dissociate Pal crystals,increased the specific surface area and pore size of Pal,but the viscosity of Pal was not correspondingly increased.The organic groups were grafted on the surface of Pal crystals by modification of cetylammonium bromide(CTAB)and the hydrophobicity of those carbon chains could stabilize Pal particles in the solution which increased the viscosity of the modified Pal effectively.After pickling,CTAB was introduced,which did not affect the structural properties of Pal,and greatly improved the viscosity of the modified Pal in aqueous solution.The viscosity of Pal could reach to 1280 mPa·s when the concentration of HCl and CTAB were 1 mol/L and 10 g/L,respectively.Although the positive charge on Pal surface was increased after cationic adsorption of the modifier,it also dispersed Pal crystal and increased the Pal surface exposure.The hydrophobicity of CTAB carbon chain made Pal particles stable,further increased the absolute value of zeta potential of Pal,increased the repulsive force between Pal particles,and greatly increased the viscosity of modified Pal in water.The surface positive charge of Pal and the quantity of carbon chain were further increased with the modifier concentration,resulting in the decrease of the negative charge and the absolute value of zeta potential of the modified Pal,its viscosity was reduced.

关 键 词：凹凸棒石 酸化 有机改性 黏度 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿] TQ316.6[化学工程—高聚物工业]