光照强度对雪茄烟叶光合特性、抗氧化特性及品质的影响  

Effect of light intensity on photosynthesis,antioxidation properties and quality of cigar leaves

作　　者：陈泳纬 吴永兵 袁华恩 阳苇丽[3] 何正川[3] 赵俊杰 董涵 张宇 赵铭钦[1] CHEN Yong-wei;WU Yong-bing;YUAN Hua-en;YANG Wei-li;HE Zheng-chuan;ZHAO Jun-jie;DONG Han;ZHANG Yu;ZHAO Ming-qin(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Xiangyang Branch of Hubei Provincial Tobacco Company,Xiangyang,Hubei 441003,China;Dazhou Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company,Dazhou,Sichuan 635006,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002 [2]湖北省烟草公司襄阳市公司,湖北襄阳441003 [3]四川省烟草公司达州市公司,四川达州635006

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第10期2175-2182,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司四川省公司重点科技攻关项目(SCYC201913);中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC20210)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确不同光照强度对雪茄烟叶光合特性、抗氧化特性及品质的影响。【方法】以川雪1号为试验材料,采用大田试验设置5个处理(CK:100%自然光照强度;T1:85%自然光强;T2:70%自然光强;T3:55%自然光强;T4:40%自然光强)。【结果】雪茄烟叶在旺长期至成熟期阶段,不同光照强度处理下烟叶的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量均呈先升后降趋势,各处理烟叶的MDA和H_(2)O_(2)含量均呈缓慢上升趋势,各处理烟叶的SOD和POD活性呈先升后降趋势,CAT活性呈上升趋势。随着光照强度降低,烟叶的光合色素含量、胞间CO_(2)浓度、水分利用效率及抗氧化酶活性提升,MDA含量、H_(2)O_(2)含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率下降,但过低的光照强度环境不利于烟叶光合性能和抗氧化特性的提升。随着光照强度提升,烟叶中总糖、总氮、烟碱含量呈先上升后降低趋势,氯、钾呈上升趋势,还原糖、糖碱比、氮碱比、两糖比呈下降趋势,过低的光照强度,烟叶的化学成分协调性较差,不利于烟叶品质。【结论】适度弱光(55%~70%自然光强)有利于叶片光合色素含量提升,能够促进光能吸收,维持稳定的光合特性,有利于烟叶的生长发育,同时抗氧化酶活性提升,烟叶膜脂过氧化损伤降低,抗氧化特性增强,烟叶化学成分协调性较好,有利于烟叶品质形成。【Objective】The present paper aimed to investigate the effects of varying light intensities on the photosynthetic,antioxidant and qualitative aspects of cigar leaves.【Method】In the field experiment,5 treatments were set up using Chuanxue No.1 as the experimental material(CK:100%natural light intensity;T1:85%natural light intensity;T2:70%natural light intensity;T3:55%natural light intensity;T4:40%natural light intensity).【Result】Under different light intensities,the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in cigar leaves increased initially and then decreased;The contents of MDA and H_(2)O_(2) in cigar leaves increased slowly;The activities of SOD and POD increased initially and then decreased;And the activity of CAT in cigar leaves increased initially and then decreased.Cigar leaves'photosynthetic pigment content,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,water use efficiency,and antioxidant enzyme activity increased as light intensity decreased,while MDA content,H_2O_2 content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate decreased.However,a low-light-intensity environment did not promote the enhancement of cigar leaves'photosynthetic and antioxidant characteristics.The levels of total sugar,total nitrogen,and nicotine in cigar leaves increased at first and subsequently fell as light intensity increased;Chlorine and potassium increased,and reducing sugar,the sugar-alkali ratio,the nitrogen-alkali ratio,and the two-sugar ratio decreased.With insufficient light intensity,the coordination of chemical components in cigar leaves was weak,which was detrimental to cigar leaf quality.【Conclusion】Moderate low light(55%-70%natural light intensity)was found to be beneficial in increasing the content of photosynthetic pigment,promoting light energy absorption,maintaining stable photosynthetic characteristics,benefiting cigar leaf growth and development,and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes all at the same time.Cigar leaf membrane lipid peroxidation damage was minimized,antioxidant pr

关 键 词：光照强度 遮荫 雪茄烟叶 色素 光合特性 抗氧化特性 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]