《中小企业促进法》的稳就业效应——基于政府信用体系建设视角  

The Stabilizing Employment Effect of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Promotion Law:Based on the Perspective of Government Credit System Construction

作　　者：陈胜蓝 王鹏程 马慧 刘晓玲 Chen Shenglan;Wang Pengcheng;Ma Hui;Liu Xiaoling(School of Economics,Zhejiang University of Technology;Institute for Industrial System Modernization,Zhejiang University of Technology;Institute of Accounting and Finance,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;Lingnan College,Sun Yat-Sen University)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学经济学院 [2]浙江工业大学现代化产业体系研究院 [3]上海财经大学会计与财务研究院 [4]中山大学岭南学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2023年第9期52-68,88,共18页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“经济政策变革、数字化转型与企业决策研究”(基金号:22FJYB014);国家自然科学基金青年项目“户籍制度改革的微观经济效应——基于生产函数视角的实证检验”(基金号:72102166)的资助。

摘　　要：中小企业是国民经济和社会发展的重要组成部分,是稳定就业的主力军。本文利用《中小企业促进法》实施形成的准自然实验,考察其对企业劳动雇佣的影响及作用机制。本文使用新三板企业年报与“企查查”平台构建一个衡量政府信用体系建设的新数据集。基于这个新数据集的双重差分检验结果显示,《中小企业促进法》实施加强政府信用体系建设能够使企业劳动雇佣提高约3.85%。商业信用供给减少是《中小企业促进法》实施提高企业劳动雇佣的主要作用机制。当营商环境较差、外部融资可获得性较低以及客户议价能力较强时,《中小企业促进法》实施促进企业提高劳动雇佣的效应更强。本文还发现《中小企业促进法》实施能够促进地区层面的就业增长。本文揭示了政府信用体系建设通过缓解中小企业流动性约束以促进就业的机理,对于推动经济高质量发展、稳定就业和改善民生福祉具有启示意义。Small and medium-sized enterprises are an important part of national economic and social development and the main force of stable employment.This study exploits Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(SME)Promotion Law as a quasi-natural experiment and investigates how it affects employment at the firm level.This paper constructs a new dataset to measure the construction of government credit system by using the annual reports of enterprises on the New Third Board and the"Qcc.com"plaform.Based on this new dataset,difference-in-differences test shows that the enactment of the SME Promotion Law to strengthen the construction of the government credit system can increase the employment of enterprises by about 3.85%.We present suggestive evidence that SME Promotion Law affects enterprises employment by decreasing the supply of trade credit.The increase is more pronounced for firms with worse business environment,lower external financing availability and stronger bargaining power of customers.Furthermore,we also find the enactment of SME Promotion Law could promote the employment growth at the provincial level.Our findings shed light on an important way to alleviate the financing friction of SME,which has enlightening significance for promoting high-quality economic development,ensuring employment and improving people's livelihood.

关 键 词：中小企业促进法 政府信用体系建设 劳动雇佣 商业信用供给 

分 类 号：F276.3[经济管理—企业管理] F249.2[经济管理—国民经济] D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]