应用DNA条形码技术对口岸截获鱼翅物种进行鉴定与分析  

Identification and analysis of shark fin species intercepted at ports by DNA barcoding technology

作　　者：虞惠贞 赵相鹏 裘慧 张明哲 尹文秀 张荃 沈旭芳 李炎锟 吴姗 YU Huizhen;ZHAO Xiangpeng;QIU Hui;ZHANG Mingzhe;YIN Wenxiu;ZHANG Quan;SHEN Xufang;LI Yankun;WU Shan(Zhejiang Academy of Science and Technology for Inspection and Quarantine,Hangzhou Zhejiang,310016,China;Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs)

机构地区：[1]浙江省检验检疫科学技术研究院,浙江杭州310016 [2]中国海关科学技术研究中心

出　　处：《质量安全与检验检测》2023年第6期1-8,共8页QUALITY SAFETY INSPECTION AND TESTING

基　　金：海科中心自立科研课题(2023HX04);海关总署科研项目(2022HK124);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LTGC23C160001)。

摘　　要：利用2种DNA条形码技术对鱼翅样本进行鉴定,探讨不同条形码基因对鱼翅物种鉴定的可靠性。本研究应用通用引物扩增口岸截获28个鱼翅的线粒体16S核糖体RNA基因(16S rRNA)和细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ基因(COI)部分序列,将测序得到56条鱼翅物种基因序列与GenBank数据库内已知鲨鱼物种参考序列进行比对和系统发育树分析。结果表明,通过2种基因序列条形码分析,样本隶属于2目4科6属13种,且均列入《CITES公约》附录Ⅱ。基于16S rRNA序列的鉴定结果与基于COI序列的鉴定结果基本一致,其中,16S rRNA基因未能鉴定出来小眼双髻鲨和小尾真鲨,COI基因无法区分镰状真鲨和短尾真鲨,表明16S rRNA和COI结合应用可以对大部分鱼翅进行准确鉴定。系统发育树显示,同一物种的不同个体与相关参考序列在聚类关系中形成单系分支。本研究可在实际应用中推广,为滋补品真伪市场监督管理,以及口岸进出口快速鉴定鱼翅物种等提供更加科学准确的依据。Two DNA barcoding techniques were used to identify shark fin samples,and the reliability of different barcode genes for shark fin species identification was discussed.In this study,partial sequences of mitochondrial 16S Ribosome RNA gene(16S rRNA)and cytochrome oxidase I gene(COI)were intercepted from 28 shark fins by using universal primers to amplify ports,and 56 shark fin species gene sequences obtained from sequencing were compared with known shark species reference sequences in GenBank database and phylogenetic tree analysis was conducted.The results showed that through barcode analysis of two gene sequences,the samples belonged to 13 species,6 genera,4 families,2 orders,and were all listed in Appendix II of the CITES Convention.The identification results based on 16S rRNA sequence are basically consistent with the identification results based on COI sequence.Among them,the 16S rRNA gene failed to identify Sphyrna tudes and Carcharhinus porosus,and the COI gene was unable to distinguish Carcharhinus falciformis from Carcharhinus brachyurus,indicating that the complementary application of 16S rRNA and COI can accurately identify most shark fins.The phylogenetic tree shows that different individuals of the same species and related reference sequences form monophyletic branches in the clustering relationship.This study can be promoted in practical applications,providing a more scientific and accurate basis for the supervision and management of the authenticity market of tonics,as well as the rapid identification of shark fin species for port imports and exports.

关 键 词：DNA条形码 鱼翅 鉴定 16S rRNA COI 

分 类 号：Q751[生物学—分子生物学]