坚木缩合单宁对荷斯坦奶牛泌乳前期生产性能和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Condensed Tannins on Prelactation Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Holstein Cows

作　　者：马苗苗 周佳敏 田佳 路婷婷 侯丽娥 张艳梅 梅宁安[2] 温万 Ma Miaomiao;Zhou Jiamin;Tian Jia;lu Tingting;Hou Lie;Zhang Yan Mei;Mei Ningan;Wen Wan(Animal Husbandry Workstation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan,750011,Ningxia;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,750011,Ningxia)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区畜牧工作站,宁夏银川750011 [2]宁夏农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2023年第11期123-128,共6页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

摘　　要：该试验选取产奶量、泌乳天数及胎次相近,健康状况良好的泌乳前期荷斯坦奶牛170头,随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+50g/头/d坚木缩合单宁。预试期7d,正试期30d。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加坚木缩合单宁对荷斯坦奶牛的产奶量和饲料转化效率均无显著影响(P>0.05),可显著降低生鲜乳体细胞数(P<0.05);可显著提高试验组奶牛血清中IL-1、IL-2和TNF-α、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶含量显著提高(P<0.05);试验组荷斯坦奶牛血液中丙二醛含量(P<0.05)显著降低。与对照组相比,荷斯坦奶牛血液中白细胞总数、淋巴细胞总数、中间细胞总数和中性粒细胞总数等血常规指标显著提高(P<0.05),血小板平均体积、血小板分布宽度、血小板压积和大血小板总数显著提高(P<0.05),血小板总数显著降低(P<0.05)。可见,高产奶牛日粮中添加坚木缩合单宁50 g/(头·d)能稳定产奶量,改善生鲜乳品质,提升奶牛抗应激能力和免疫性能。In this experiment,170 healthy pre-lactation Holstein cows with similar milk yield,lactation days and parity were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups.The control group was fed with basic diet,and the experimental group was fed with basic diet+50 g/head/d hardwood condensed tannins.The pre-trial period was 7 days and the trial period was 30 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the addition of condensed tannins had no significant effect on the milk yield and feed conversion efficiency of Holstein cows(P>0.05),and could significantly reduce the somatic cell count of raw milk(P<0.05).The contents of IL-1,IL-2 and TNF-α,glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in serum of cows in the experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The content of malondialdehyde in the blood of Holstein cows in the experimental group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the total number of white blood cells,the total number of lymphocytes,the total number of intermediate cells and the total number of neutrophils in the blood of Holstein cows were significantly increased(P<0.05),the average platelet volume,platelet distribution width,platelet hematocrit and the total number of large platelets were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the total number of platelets was significantly decreased(P<0.05).It can be seen that adding 50 g/head/d of condensed tannins to the diet of high-yield dairy cows can stabilize milk yield,improve the quality of raw milk,and improve the anti-stress ability and immune performance of dairy cows.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 泌乳前期 坚木缩合单宁 生产性能 乳品质 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]