中国概况与国情、话题、知识点的共核与边界  

China:Country Profile with the Common Core and Boundaries of China’s National Conditions,Topics and Knowledge Points

作　　者：刘元满[1] LIU Yuanman(School of Chinese as a Second Language,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学对外汉语教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（对外汉语教学与研究版）》2023年第6期35-42,共8页Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Teaching & Studying Chinese as a Foreign Language Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“面向全球孔子学院的中国概况教学创新研究及其数字课程建设”(18ZDA339)子项目“孔子学院中国概况教学大纲的创新研制”。

摘　　要：“中国概况”是关于中国的状况介绍,反映中国的社会、性质、政治、经济、文化等各方面的基本情况和特点,不仅存在于中国概况教材及课程中,也普遍存在于语言教材和文化教材中。中国概况与国情、话题、知识点等内容,常常有重合、有交叉。本研究通过考察出版社出版的教材、官方推出的标准和大纲、学者研制的话题语料库和文化项目表,以及美国“AP中文”等所包含的相关内容,认为中国概况概念宽泛,包括了中国国情,但概况重视历时性,国情注重时事性;话题可以区分出生活话题和文化话题,中国概况的话题与文化话题相关;文化呈现最终要落在知识点上,知识点是文化教学最小单位。厘清这些概念的共核与边界,有利于优化中国概况在教材和教学中的呈现形式,也可为教学设计提供参考依据。This study argues that“overview of China”is an introduction to the situations in China,reflecting the basic situation and characteristics of China’s society,nature,politics,economy,culture and other aspects,and exists not only in the textbooks China:Country Profile and the relevant courses,but also in language and culture textbooks in general.The overview of China often overlaps and intersects with the national conditions,topics and knowledge points about China.By examining the contents of the published textbooks,official standards and syllabus,thematic corpora and cultural item lists developed by scholars,as well as the contents of American“AP Chinese”,this paper argues that the concept of the overview of China is broad and includes China’s national conditions,but the Profile emphasizes chronology while the national conditions emphasize current events;topics can be distinguished into life topics and cultural topics,and the topic of the overview of China is related to the topic of culture;cultural presentation ultimately comes down to the point of knowledge,which is the smallest unit of cultural instruction.Clarifying the common core and boundaries of these concepts is conducive to optimizing the presentation of the overview of China in the textbooks and relevant teaching,and can also provide a reference for the teaching design.

关 键 词：中国概况 国情 话题 知识点 共核 边界 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]