从“堕距”到“弥合”:传统武术现代化存续的并联式实践——基于富县“Y拳”的田野考察  

From“Lagging”to“integrating”:Parallel Practice of Modern Survival of Traditional Martial Arts Based on Field Research of“Y Quanshu”in Fu County

作　　者：秦丽 姜传银[1] 虎晓东 QIN Li;JIANG Chuanyin;HU Xiaodong(School of Wushu,Shanghai Univ.of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of P.E.,Ningxia Univ.,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学武术学院,上海200438 [2]宁夏大学体育学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2023年第12期61-68,共8页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17CTY007);宁夏高等学校科学研究项目(NGY2020020)。

摘　　要：以奥格本的文化堕距理论为分析框架,以宁夏富县Y拳(化名)为研究个案,对传统武术现代化存续危机及弥合实践进行田野考察。调查发现,工业化进程解构了传统武术与乡村社会结构间的稳定关系,暂时性“失域”感使传统武术存续表现为普遍“式微”状态。然而,Y拳在现代化存续中,传承人却充分利用国家各项政策,并通过“文化形塑、人才培育”的创新方法,实现了该拳在“教育化、社会化、国际化”等场域中的文化表达。研究认为,在现代化进程中,传统武术堕距的产生源于在外部制度作用下,其内部“观念层和技术层”的变迁与社会发展间的异步性;Y拳的良序发展得益于“制度、观念、技术”的并联式弥合;传统武术内外部各要素间的并联式弥合度越高,与社会发展之间的堕距就越小,反之亦然。唯此,传统武术现代化存续需要在并联式实践下,内外因素协调发展,才能历久弥新,永葆生命活力。Based on the analysis framework of Ogburn’s cultural lag theory and the case study of Y Quanshu(fist)in Fu County of Ningxia,this paper made a field investigation on the crisis of the traditional martial arts and the practice of its improvement.It was found that under the background of modernization transformation,the process of industrialization deconstructed the stable relationship between the traditional martial arts and the rural social structure,and the sense of temporary“loss of domain”led to the decline of the traditional martial arts.However,in the modern existence of Y Quanshu,inheritors made full use of various national policies and realized the cultural expression in the field of“education,socialization and internationalization”.According to the research,in the process of modernization,the cultural lagging of the traditional martial arts originated from the asynchronism between the changes of the internal concept and technology and the social development under the external system.The orderly development of Y Quanshu was the result of the parallel type integration of“system,concept and technology”.The higher the degree of the parallel type integration between the internal and external elements of the traditional martial arts culture,the smaller the estrangement with the social development and vice versa.Therefore,the modernization of the traditional martial arts needed the coordinated development of the internal and the external factors under the parallel type practice so as to endure.

关 键 词：传统武术 文化存续 文化堕距 中国式现代化 并联式 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]