基于铸型标本人股骨头内动脉的解剖学规律及临床意义  

The anatomical rule and clinical significance of the femoral head artery based on cast specimens

作　　者：耿凯龙 唐林峰 邓伟 王宏宇[1,2] 刘澒洞 汪丁松[1,2] 居发新 侯瑞兴 Geng Kailong;Tang Linfeng;Deng Wei;Wang Hongyu;Liu Hongdong;Wang Dingsong;Ju Faxin;Hou Ruixing(Department of Orthopedics,Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital,Suzhou 215104;Department of Orthopedics,Clinical College of Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University,Suzhou 215123;Department of Orthopedics,Baoying Country People's Hospital,Yangzhou 225800;Department of Orthopedics,Clinical College of Yangzhou University Medical College,Suzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州瑞华骨科医院骨科,苏州215104 [2]苏州大学苏州医学院临床学院骨科,苏州215123 [3]宝应县人民医院骨科,扬州225800 [4]扬州大学医学院临床学院骨科,苏州225009

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2023年第5期411-415,共5页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_1515)。

摘　　要：目的 :探讨人股骨头内滋养动脉的解剖学规律及其临床意义。方法 :选取人新鲜离体股骨头标本,制成人股骨头内滋养动脉铸型标本,观察股骨头内滋养动脉的来源、走行特点、分布规律及数量,显微镜下测量股骨头内各组滋养动脉最粗支入头处的外径。结果:上、下、前3组支持带动脉从滋养孔进入股骨头后直接延续为上、下、前3组滋养动脉主干,3组滋养动脉主干沿皮质下向股骨头中心走行。人股骨头内滋养动脉分为3个区:滋养动脉主干区、主干动脉网区及终末动脉网区。3组滋养动脉主干组成人股骨头内动脉的滋养动脉主干区,滋养动脉主干进入股骨头后向中央走行、相互交织吻合组成主干动脉网区,主干动脉网区血管外径与滋养动脉主干外径近似。滋养动脉主干及主干动脉网发出丰富的终末动脉支组成终末动脉网区,分布在股骨头软骨面下方的区域。人股骨头内共有(9.84±1.12)支滋养动脉主干,上、下、前3组滋养动脉主干支数分别为(6.04±1.18)支、(2.64±0.84)支、(1.16±0.83)支;上、下、前3组滋养动脉主干最粗支入头处的外径分别为(0.56±0.12) mm、(0.44±0.10)mm、(0.20±0.07)mm。结论 :人股骨头内动脉铸型标本显示头内滋养动脉分为3个区,相互交通为网状结构,可为临床恢复股骨头血供提供解剖学基础。Objective:To investigate the anatomical rules and clinical significance of the nourishing arteries in the human femoral head.Methods:Fresh specimens of human femoral head were selected to make the cast specimens of the femoral head nourishing artery.The source,running characteristics,distribution and quantity of the nourishing artery in the femoral head were observed.The external diameter of the thickest branch of the nourishing artery in each group was measured under the microscope.Results:The superior,inferior and anterior retinacular arteries entered the femoral head from the nourishing holes and continued directly into the superior,inferior and anterior nourishing arteries stems.The three groups nourishing arteries stems went down to the center of the femoral head along the cortex.The nourishing arteries in the head of the human femur were divided into three areas:the nourishing arteries stems area,the arteries stems network area,and the terminal arteries network area.The three groups of nourishing arteries stems constituted the nourishing arteries stems area of the internal artery of the human femoral head.After entering the femoral head and running to the center,the nourishing arteries stems were interwoven and anastomosed to form the arteries stem network area.The outer diameter of the arteries stems network area was similar to that of the nourishing arteries stems.The nourishing arteries stem area and arteries stem network area gave off abundant terminal arterial branches to form the terminal arterial network area,which was distributed in the area below the femoral head cartilage surface.There were(9.84±1.12)nourishing arteries in the head of the human femur,and the superior,inferior and anterior nourishing arteries stems were(6.04±1.18),(2.64±0.84)and(1.16±0.83),respectively.The outer diameter of the thickest branch of the superior,inferior and anterior nourishing arteries stems was(0.56±0.12)mm,(0.44±0.10)mm and(0.20±0.07)mm,respectively.Conclusion:The cast specimens of human femoral head interna

关 键 词：股骨头 骨内动脉 铸型标本 解剖学 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]