细菌培养与涂片镜检在微生物检验中的作用及阳性率分析  

The Role and Positive Rate Analysis of Bacterial Culture and Smear Microscopy in Microbiological Testing

作　　者：江正潮 JIANG Zheng-chao(Laboratory Department(Pingnan County General Hospital,Pingnan County Hospital),Fujian Ningde 352300)

机构地区：[1]屏南县总医院(屏南县医院)检验科,福建宁德352300

出　　处：《中国医疗器械信息》2023年第21期80-82,共3页China Medical Device Information

摘　　要：目的:探究微生物检验期间分别应用细菌培养、涂片镜检后的临床作用,分析检出阳性率。方法:纳入2022年1月~2023年1月本院进行微生物检验的患者200例为样本提供者,分别于微生物检验期间应用细菌培养、涂片镜检,判断两种检查方法诊断结果,所用观察指标包含检验合格率、阳性检出率、合格标本镜检结果和细菌培养的符合情况。结果:细菌培养、涂片镜检应用后检验合格率高达93.00%。采取细菌培养、涂片镜检后,痰液样本、粪便样本阳性检出率对比差异显著,P<0.05,血液样本、中段尿液样本、胸腹水样本、穿刺液样本、脑脊液样本阳性检出率对比未见明显差异,P>0.05。A级、B级细菌检出率明显高于C级P<0.05。在合格标本中共检出致病菌,涂片镜检结果和细菌培养结果总符合率为96.24%。结论:细菌培养、涂片镜检在微生物检验期间各有优缺点,其中涂片镜检可以提前作出预测报告,作为疾病临床诊断的初步依据,指导临床合理用药,两种诊断措施相互补充,具有较高可靠性。Objective:To explore the clinical effects of bacterial culture and smear microscopy during microbial testing,and analyze the positive rate of detection.Methods:200 patients who underwent microbiological testing in our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were included as sample providers.During the microbiological testing period,bacterial culture and smear microscopy were used to determine the diagnostic results of the two examination methods.The observation indicators used included the pass rate,positive detection rate,qualified specimen microscopy results,and the compliance of bacterial culture.Results:The qualification rate of bacterial culture and smear microscopy after application is as high as 93.00%.After bacterial culture and smear microscopy,there was a significant difference in the positive detection rates between sputum samples and fecal samples,middle urine samples,pleural and ascitic fluid samples,puncture fluid samples,and cerebrospinal fluid samples(P>0.05).The detection rates of A-grade and B-grade bacteria were significantly higher than those of C-grade bacteria(P<0.05).Pathogenic bacteria were detected in qualified specimens,and the total coincidence rate between smear microscopy results and bacterial culture results was 96.24%.Conclusion:Bacterial culture and smear microscopy have their own advantages and disadvantages during microbiological testing.Among them,smear microscopy can make predictive reports in advance,serve as the preliminary basis for clinical diagnosis of diseases,guide clinical rational drug use,and complement each other with high reliability.

关 键 词：细菌培养 涂片镜检 微生物检验 阳性率 

分 类 号：TH776[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]