激光-电弧复合焊焊缝截面几何尺寸的测量方法  

Research on Measurement Method of Weld Cross Section Geometric Dimensions of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding

作　　者：洪延武 钟秒金 刘双宇 HONG Yanwu;ZHONG Miaojin(School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Equipment,Jiangmen Polytechnic,Jiangmen 529030,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Chuangchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]江门职业技术学院智能制造与装备学院,广东江门529030 [2]长春理工大学机电工程学院,吉林长春130022 [3]不详

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第12期81-85,共5页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(51305044)。

摘　　要：在激光-电弧复合焊接中,工艺参数对焊缝截面几何尺寸的影响是研究重点,因此焊缝截面尺寸的精确测量非常关键。提出一种全新的焊缝截面尺寸自动测量的方法,首先采用SOBEL边缘检测算法识别提取焊缝截面的边缘轮廓曲线;然后以轮廓中心点作为坐标系的原点建立极坐标系,识别并计算与坐标原点夹角分别为15°,30°,45°,…,360°的截面轮廓曲线上点的像素坐标,从而计算对应轮廓边缘点的极坐标尺寸;最后根据比例尺完成焊缝截面尺寸的自动测量。对得到的焊缝几何尺寸和人工测量的尺寸(熔深、熔宽、余高)进行误差计算,结果表明尺寸测量精度在3%内。通过上述方法能够大大提高焊缝截面尺寸测量的效率,并且能够解决传统测量无法完成极坐标尺寸测量的缺陷。The effect of hybrid welding parameters on welding bead geometric dimensions has always been the focus of laser-arc hybrid welding research,so it’s inevitable to measure the dimensions of welding bead.The paper presents a new measuring system of welding bead sectional dimensions in polar coordinate system.First we can get the outline of the welding bead shape with the SOBEL edge detection algorithm.Secondly locate the center point of welding bead and make it as the original point of the polar coordinate system.Calculate the coordinates of pixels in the welding bead shape outline every other 15 degrees.According to the coordinates gainedand plotting scale,we can calculate the sectional geometric dimensions of welding bead.Comparing the dimensions measured in this paper with those measured manually,we can conclude that the measuring error can be under 3%.The research shows that the measuring methods presented in this paper can dramatically improve the efficiency to measure the dimensions and can also solve the problem that the dimensions of welding bead can notbe measured in polar coordinate system with traditional method.In conclusion this automatic measuring system has a profound meaning to the hybrid welding research.

关 键 词：激光-电弧复合焊 焊缝截面 边缘检测算法 极坐标系 形貌像素长度 

分 类 号：TG456[金属学及工艺—焊接]