构树源乳酸菌影响其青贮发酵品质  

Effect of lactic acid bacteria from Broussonetiapapyrifera on silage fermentation

作　　者：舒刚钦 王慧[1] 张琛[1] 张云华[2] 张玲[1] 程建波[1] 范彩云[1] 陈丽娟[1] SHU Gangqin;WANG Hui;ZHANG Chen;ZHANG Yunhua;ZHANG Ling;CHENG Jianbo;FAN Caiyun;CHEN Lijuan(College of animal science and technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China;College of resources and environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第12期3210-3221,共12页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然基金(32172769);安徽省重点研发计划项目(202004a06020012);合肥市乡村振兴帮扶项目(KJ2022055)。

摘　　要：乳酸菌是影响植物青贮效果的关键因素。为探究构树源不同乳酸菌对构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)青贮品质的影响,本试验首先从自然青贮构树叶中分离乳酸菌并鉴定,以上述构树源的乳酸菌青贮发酵构树叶为试验组,不添加乳酸菌青贮构树叶为对照组,避光青贮发酵60 d后进行检测分析,研究构树源不同乳酸菌对构树叶青贮品质的影响。结果表明:构树叶青贮料中共分离出清酒乳杆菌(Lactobacillus sakei)、戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)、粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)和类肠膜魏斯氏菌(Weissella paramesenteroides)4株乳酸菌,前3株乳酸菌均为同型发酵乳酸菌,后一株为异型发酵乳酸菌,其中戊糖片球菌和粪肠球菌对构树单宁的耐受性显著优于其他两种菌(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组干物质含量、粗蛋白含量和可溶性碳水化合物含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),戊糖片球菌和粪肠球菌组的粗蛋白含量显著高于类肠膜魏斯氏菌(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组pH和丙酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),乳酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),戊糖片球菌和粪肠球菌组的pH、乙酸、氨态氮含量显著低于其他试验组(P<0.05),类肠膜魏斯氏菌组乳酸含量显著低于其他试验组(P<0.05)。综上表明,添加外源乳酸菌可改善构树叶青贮品质,不同乳酸菌对构树单宁耐受性影响其对构树叶青贮发酵品质。Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is a key factor that affects plant silage.To explore the effects of different LAB from Broussonetia papyrifera(BP)on the quality of B.papyrifera leaves(BPL),in this experiment,LAB from natural B.papyrifera(BP)silage was identified.BPL were fermented with LAB from BP as the test groups and BPL were fermented without LAB as the control group.The quality and nutritional components of BP silage were analyzed after 60 days of fermentation in the dark,to study the effects of different LAB from B.papyrifera(BP)on the quality of BPL.The results showed that four strains of LAB were isolated from the B.papyrifera silage,namely Lactobacillus sakei,Pediococcus pentosus,Enterococcus faecalis,and Weissella paramesenteroides.The first three kinds were homotypic fermentation LAB, and the last kind was a heterotypic fermentation LAB. Among them, Pediococcus pentosus and Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly better tolerance to tannins from BP than the other two strains (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and soluble carbohydrates (WSC) contents of the treatment groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Among the treatment groups, the CP contents of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Enterococcus faecalis were significantly higher than that of the Weissella paramesenteroides group (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the pH and propionic acid (PA) of the treatment groups were significantly lower (P < 0.05), while the lactic acid (LA) content was significantly higher (P < 0.05). Among the treatment groups, the pH, acetic acid (AA), and ammonia nitrogen contents of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Enterococcus faecalis were significantly lower than the other groups (P < 0.05);the LA content of the Weissella paramesenteroides group was significantly lower than the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of exogenous LAB can improve the quality of BPL silage, and the tolerance of different LAB to BP tannins influences their enhancing effec

关 键 词：构树 乳酸菌 青贮 单宁 分离 鉴定 耐受性 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]