论通过媒体公布不履行义务信息措施的功能  

On the Function of the Measure of Publicizing Non-performance I nformation through the Media

作　　者：谭秋桂[1] Tan Qiugui

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学诉讼法学研究院

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2023年第6期106-116,共11页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

摘　　要：自2007年《民事诉讼法》第231条对被执行人不履行法律文书确定的义务作出“通过媒体公布不履行义务信息”的明确规定以来,通过媒体公布不履行义务信息措施在迫使被执行人履行义务方面发挥了重要作用。但是,该措施的适用在理念和操作上还存在一些需进一步探讨之处;在我国即将对民事执行单独立法之际,澄清该措施的基本属性和应然功能,是通过立法完善该措施、构建更合理的规范的基础。现行司法解释规定的公布失信被执行人名单信息措施,对《民事诉讼法》规定的通过媒体公布不履行义务信息的适用范围进行了限缩;通过媒体公布不履行义务信息措施的基本属性应当是执行保障措施,基本功能定位应当是执行威慑而不是妨害执行的强制措施或者制裁。未来的民事执行立法应当回归使用通过媒体公布不履行义务信息这一概念,将其功能定位为执行威慑和执行保障,并设计提前预告该措施的程序规范及完善救济机制。Since it was explicitly stipulated by Civil Procedural Law in 2007,the measure of publicizing non-performance information through the media has played an important role in forcing the person subject to enforcement to fulfill their obligations.However,there are still some deviations in the concept and operation of the application of this measure.At the time of the implementation of separate legislation on civil enforcement in our country,clarifying the basic attribute and function of the measure is the basis of perfecting the measure and building a more reasonable norm through legislation.The current judicial interpretation of the measures to publish the list information of persons subject to enforcement for breach of trust has narrowed the scope of application of the information of non-performance through the media stipulated in the Civil Procedural Law,and deviated from the functional positioning of the measures.The basic attribute of the measures to publicize the information of non-performance of obligations through the media should be the implementation safeguard measures,and the basic function orientation should be the implementation of deterrence rather than the enforcement measures or sanctions that hinder the implementation.The civil enforcement legislation should return to the concept of r eleasing information of non-performance of obligations through the media,position its function as enforcement deterrent and enforcement guarantee,and design the procedure specification of advance warning of such measures and improve the relief mechanism.

关 键 词：民事诉讼法 执行措施 通过媒体公布不履行义务信息 程序保障 程序制裁 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]