霸姬簋铭文所见西周宗法与家族伦理  

Patriarchal system and family ethics of Western Zhou from the inscriptions on Baji Gui vessel

作　　者：冯时[1] Feng Shi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所

出　　处：《文物季刊》2023年第4期77-83,共7页Journal of Chinese Antiquity

基　　金：“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”资助课题(G1004)阶段成果。

摘　　要：山西翼城大河口西周霸国墓地2002号霸仲墓出土霸姬簋,器主霸姬为霸仲之母。簋铭记述了作为霸氏小宗的霸仲曶立为宗君之事,而小宗立君不仅必须经霸氏宗族举荐,还需征得婚姻之国的同意,更要上呈天子核准,由史官别造异典,亲为传达,制度严格。立君的条件则是“弗能违有家”或“不能违有家”,即不能违背宗法与家族伦理。铭文与《易·家人》所反映的制度与观念一致,对于西周制度,特别是宗法制度和家族伦理的研究具有重要价值。The Ba Ji gui vessel,the donor of which is the mother of Ba Zhong Hu,the occupant of the tomb,is unearthed from Tomb 2002 at Dahekou cemetery,Yicheng county,Shanxi Province.The inscription on this Gui vessel records how Ba Zhong Hu becomes the lineage leader from the head of a minor branch.According to the strict institution,the requisite process of establishing the head of a minor branch as the major lineage leader includes the recommendation of the Ba lineage,the consent of relevant state bearing matrimonial ties,and especially the approval of the Zhou king,then followed with special documentation of the scribe official of the court and its corresponding declaration.In establishing the lineage leader,it is required that the patriarchal lineage system and lineage ethics must not be violated.The inscription,coinciding with the institution and concept revealed by Jiaren(family members)hexagram of Yi jing,is of great significance on studying the Western Zhou institutions,especially the patriarchal lineage system and lineage ethics.

关 键 词：霸姬簋 霸仲曶 宗法 违有家 《易·家人》 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K877.3[政治法律—中外政治制度] K224[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] B82-05[历史地理—历史学]