基于特征点的钢桁梁桥桁段虚拟拼装方法研究  

Research on Feature-Based Virtual Assembly Algorithm for Truss Segments of Steel Truss Bridge

作　　者：毛伟琦 李小珍[1] 王熊珏[2,3] MAO Weiqi;LI Xiaozhen;WANG Xiongjue(Department of Bridge Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430050,China;State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学桥梁工程系,四川成都610031 [2]中铁大桥局集团有限公司,湖北武汉430050 [3]桥梁智能与绿色建造全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《桥梁建设》2023年第6期26-33,共8页Bridge Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1434205,52208505)。

摘　　要：针对山区钢桁梁桥1+1预拼装对场地要求高、工序资源消耗大的问题,提出基于特征点的钢桁梁桥桁段虚拟拼装方法。该虚拟拼装方法主要通过多尺度三维激光扫描技术进行桁段逆向模型构建、基于聚类分割特征的逆向模型点云优化、基于迭代最近点算法的桁段拼装运算进行钢桁梁桁段虚拟拼装,以代替实体预拼装,减少施工工序。为验证该虚拟拼装方法的可行性及准确性,以某山区特大铁路悬索桥为背景进行钢桁梁桁段缩尺模型试验。结果表明:该虚拟拼装方法可以筛选出相邻桁段中偏差较大的螺栓孔,在最大程度上保证螺栓孔拼装的合格率,避免因为某些螺栓孔偏差较大影响全局的拼装精度,验证了该虚拟拼装方法的可行性及准确性。The"1+1"trial assembly of trusses in the mountainous steel truss bridge is geologically demanding and resource-consuming,to address this issue,a feature-based virtual assembly method is proposed.By this method,a multi-scale 3D laser scanning technology is used in the reverse modelling of the steel trusses,and based on the point cloud reverse modelling and iterative closest point(ICP)algorithm of feature points,the virtual assembly of the steel trusses is realized,which can replace the physical trial assembly and reduce construction steps.A mountainous railway suspension bridge was taken for a case study to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed virtual assembly method.A scale-down model test was conducted.The results demonstrate that the proposed method can sort out the spans that would generate bigger truss assembly bias and ensure the assembly quality of trusses in a span as much as possible,while preventing the degradation of the assembly accuracy of the overall stiffening girder.

关 键 词：钢桁梁桥 钢梁桁段 三维激光扫描技术 虚拟拼装 逆向模型 点云优化 迭代最近点算法 缩尺模型试验 

分 类 号：U448.21[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U448.36[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U445.1