风冷发动机冷却流道设计及散热性能提升  

Cooling Air-duct Design and Its Cooling Performance Improvement for Air-cooled Engine

作　　者：曹博涛[1] 谭礼斌 孙宁[2] 袁越锦[1] CAO Bo-tao;TAN Li-bin;SUN Ning;YUAN Yue-jin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,China;College of Art and Design,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院,西安710021

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第35期15084-15090,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51876109)。

摘　　要：为解决常规风冷发动机火花塞侧风速较低的问题,在某三轮车风冷发动机缸头内部设计了冷却风道,采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法对该风冷发动机冷却风道结构进行了数值模拟分析,结果表明原冷却风道下缸头冷却风道内冷却风速较低,火花塞附近和进气道周围的冷却风速也较小,不利于缸头的整体冷却。通过调整缸头冷却风道内导流片布置和增大排气侧进风面积,缸头火花塞侧及排气侧冷却风量明显提升,利于缸头高温区域的冷却。经实验验证,缸头改进方案下缸头火花塞垫片温度可降低23℃。研究结果可为缸头冷却风道的设计提供仿真数据支撑及理论指导。In order to solve the problem of low air speed at the spark plug side of conventional air-cooled engine,a cooling air duct was designed inside the cylinder head of an air-cooled engine of a tricycle.The structure of the cooling air duct of the air-cooled engine was numerically simulated and analyzed using CFD(computational fluid dynamics)method.The results showed that the cooling air speed in the cooling air duct of the cylinder head under the original cooling air duct was low,and the cooling air speed near the spark plug and around the intake duct was also low,which was not conducive to the overall cooling of the cylinder head.By adjusting the layout of the guide vanes in the cooling air duct of the cylinder head and increasing the air inlet area at the exhaust side,the cooling air volume at the spark plug side and exhaust side of the cylinder head is significantly increased,which is conducive to the cooling of the high-temperature area of the cylinder head.According to the experimental verification,the temperature of spark plug gasket of cylinder head can be reduced by 23℃under the improvement design of the cylinder head.The research results can provide simulation data support and theoretical guidance for the design of cylinder head cooling air duct.

关 键 词：风冷发动机 冷却风道 导流片 缸头 冷却风量 

分 类 号：TK414.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]