从主体的意志到“求意志的意志”——论海德格尔的莱布尼茨阐释  

From Will of Subject to"Will to Will":Understanding Heidegger's Question of Will from His Leibniz-Interpretations

作　　者：窦绪凯 Dou Xukai

机构地区：[1]同济大学人文学院,上海200092

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（外国哲学）》2023年第12期92-102,共11页FOREIGN PHILOSOPHY

摘　　要：海德格尔对莱布尼茨哲学所作的阐释唯有在海德格尔自己的基础存在学与存在历史思想之中方能获得充分彰显与澄清。在对莱布尼茨哲学所作的阐释中,“根据律问题”无疑是显而易见的主导问题。在这一主导问题之外的另一重要问题则是“意志问题”其随着海德格尔的莱布尼茨阐释而展开,并在阐释中始终发挥着指引作用。此后,该问题贯穿了海德格尔的德国古典哲学阐释、尼采阐释直至后期对技术的本质所作沉思的全部思想历程。“经受”形而上学与技术虚无主义无非是对“意志问题”的彻底展开与转换,“泰然让之”是海德格尔对此所作相关思考的落脚点及对“意志问题”的解答方案之一,这一问题也是海德格尔的“存在问题”的具体表现形式之一。Heidegger's interpretations of Leibniz's philosophy can only be fully demonstrated and clarified in Heidegger's own basic ontology and thinking of the history of Being.In the interpretations of Leibniz's philosophy,"the question of the principle of sufficient reason"is undoubtedly the obvious leading question,but the"question of will"is also a crucial question that develops with Heidegger's Leibniz's interpretations,and has always played a guiding role in these interpretations.Since then,this question has run through the whole thinking process of Heidegger's interpretations of classical German philosophy,the interpretations of Nietzsche's philosophy and his later meditation on the essence of technology,while"undergoing"metaphysics and technological nihilism are nothing more than a thorough development and transformation of"the question of will",and"releasement"is the foothold of Heidegger's related thinking and his understanding of"question of will",and this question is also one of the specific manifestations of"question of Being".

关 键 词：海德格尔 莱布尼茨 意志 求意志的意志 泰然让之 

分 类 号：B516.54[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B516.22