成像探测相干激光雷达技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Coherent Ladar Technology for Imaging and Detection

作　　者：李道京 高敬涵 崔岸婧 吴疆 LI Daojing;GAO Jinghan;CUI Anjing;WU Jiang(Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Electronic,Electrical and Communication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院微波成像技术国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049

出　　处：《现代雷达》2023年第11期1-6,共6页Modern Radar

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62371440);中科院重点项目(E03701010F)。

摘　　要：相干激光雷达采用激光本振相干探测并通过平衡探测器实现混频和共模抑制,具有探测灵敏度高、抗干扰能力强的优点。文中阐述了相干探测体制激光雷达的优势和技术特点,介绍了基于单元探测器/面阵探测器开展的合成孔径激光雷达(SAL)、逆合成孔径激光雷达(ISAL)研究进展,讨论了相干激光雷达波形选择、偏振选择、信号处理方法、扩束下的作用距离方程和探测性能、探测器形式和系统灵敏度等问题,在此基础上进一步分析了基于衍射光学系统的激光雷达的特点和激光/红外复合成像探测的需求,并展望了相干激光雷达的应用前景。Coherent ladar adopts laser local oscillator coherent detection and achieves mixing and common mode rejection through balanced photodetectors,which has the advantages of high detection sensitivity and strong anti-interference ability.The advantages and technical charactristics of coherent detection ladar system are presented in this paper,and the synthetic aperture ladar(SAL)and inverse synthetic aperture ladar(ISAL)research progress based on unit-detector/array-detectors are introduced.The issues of coherent ladar waveform and polarization selection,signal processing methods,detection range equation and detection performance under beam-expanded situation,detector form and detection sensitivity are discussed.On this basis,the characteristics of ladar based on diffractive optical system and the demand for laser/infrared composite imaging detection are further analysed.The application prospects of coherent ladar are also discussed.

关 键 词：激光雷达 相干探测 激光成像 目标探测 衍射光学系统 阵列探测器 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理] TN215[电子电信—信息与通信工程]