MFAPP制备阻燃浸渍纸及其在饰面高密度纤维板中的应用  

Preparation of flame retardant impregnated paper by MFAPP and its application on veneered high-density fiberboard

作　　者：杨柳 申剑 罗文圣 李新育 王明枝[1] Yang Liu;Shen Jian;Luo Wensheng;Li Xinyu;Wang Mingzhi(Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Shengda Huayuan Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China;Guangdong Tianyuan Huibang New Material Co.Ltd,Guangdong 528137,Guangzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学木质材料科学与应用教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京盛大华源科技有限公司,北京100070 [3]广东天元汇邦新材料股份有限公司,广东佛山528137

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第12期134-148,共15页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2019JQ03013)。

摘　　要：【目的】浸渍纸作为表面装饰材料,具有易燃性,为降低其火灾危险性,探究微胶囊化聚磷酸铵对浸渍纸热稳定性和阻燃性能的影响,并考察了阻燃浸渍纸对高密度纤维板性能的影响。【方法】以三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)为壁材,聚磷酸铵(APP)为芯材,通过原位聚合法制备微胶囊化聚磷酸铵(MFAPP),研究反应时间、反应温度、APP与MF预聚体质量比、pH值对包覆率的影响;分析MFAPP对浸渍树脂理化性能的影响;研究MFAPP浸渍纸饰面高密度纤维板的物理力学性能和阻燃性能,分析燃烧后的残炭形貌,探讨MFAPP的阻燃机理。【结果】(1)当反应时间2 h、反应温度70℃、APP与MF预聚体质量比2∶1、pH值为5时,可制备包覆率为17.48%的微胶囊化聚磷酸铵。SEM-EDS、FTIR和TG测试结果表明MF树脂成功包覆在APP表面,且热稳定性提高。(2)树脂理化性能测试结果表明MFAPP对浸渍树脂固化时间和黏度影响较小,可满足工业化要求。(3)MFAPP浸渍纸饰面高密度纤维板的吸水厚度膨胀率和表面胶合强度分别为6.9%和1.21 MPa,可达到相关国标规定。(4)与高密度纤维板相比,MFAPP浸渍纸饰面高密度纤维板的阻燃抑烟性能良好,总热释放量和烟产生量分别降低了13.19%和17.62%。MFAPP浸渍纸表现出良好的气相和凝聚相阻燃作用。【结论】采用原位聚合法制备的MFAPP,可用于制备阻燃浸渍纸,提升浸渍纸饰面高密度纤维板的阻燃抑烟性能。[Objective]Impregnated paper,as a surface decorative material,is flammable,and in order to reduce its fire hazard,this study explored the impact of microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate(MFAPP)on the thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of impregnated paper.Additionally,the study investigated the influence of flame-retardant impregnated paper on the performance of high-density fiberboard(HDF).[Method]Using melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF)as the shell material and ammonium polyphosphate(APP)as the core material,microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate was prepared by in-situ polymerization to study the effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,core-to-wall ratio,and pH on the encapsulation rate.The influence of MFAPP on the physicochemical properties of impregnating resin was analyzed.The flame-retardant performance of MFAPP-impregnated paper on HDF was investigated,and the morphology of residual char after combustion was analyzed to explore the flameretardant mechanism of MFAPP.[Result](1)Microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate with a coating rate of 17.48%can be prepared when the reaction time was 2 h,the reaction temperature was 70℃,the coreto-wall ratio was 2∶1,and the pH value was 5.The results of the SEM-EDS,FTIR and TG tests showed that the MF resin was successfully coated on the surface of APP,and the thermal stability had been improved.(2)Results of resin physicochemical property tests showed that MFAPP had minimal impact on the curing time and viscosity of the impregnating resin,meeting industrial requirements.(3)The water absorption thickness expansion rate and surface bonding strength of MFAPP impregnated paper veneered HDF were 6.9%and 1.21 MPa,respectively,which comply with the relevant national standards.(4)Compared with HDF,60%MFAPP impregnated paper HDF had good flame retardant and smoke suppression performance,and the total heat release and smoke release were reduced by 13.19%and 17.62%,respectively.MFAPP impregnated paper showed good flame retardancy in gas phase and conden

关 键 词：微胶囊化 聚磷酸铵 阻燃浸渍纸 高密度纤维板 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：S784[农业科学—林学] TQ316.6[化学工程—高聚物工业]