一种流口可控软后坐火炮反后坐装置设计与仿真  

Design and Simulation of a Soft Recoil Device with Controllable Flow Port

作　　者：肖自强 贾亦卓 杨利[2] XIAO Ziqiang;JIA Yizhuo;YANG Li(Department of Weapons and Control,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;Unit 77626 of PLA,Shigatse 857000,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军装甲兵学院兵器与控制系,北京100072 [2]中国人民解放军77626部队,西藏日喀则857000

出　　处：《弹道学报》2023年第4期35-42,共8页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：火炮的软后坐发射是减小火炮发射后坐力的重要技术途径。现有软后坐技术多采用的前冲定位击发方式,由于不同弹种的膛压不同,在发射过程中反后坐装置产生的液压阻力相差较大,造成改变弹种后不能正常超卡。为提高软后坐火炮的射击性能,应对软后坐火炮弹种适应性差的问题,提出一种带有伺服控制机构的可调流口软后坐反后坐装置,通过发射前馈控制实现对液压阻力的有效调节。并基于常规反后坐装置的软后坐发射试验数据,采用粒子群算法对其结构参数进行区间参数辨识,结合辨识与流体仿真结果对提出的反后坐装置的发射过程进行仿真分析。仿真结果显示:该反后坐装置在不同弹种条件下,使软后坐火炮发射时均能正常超卡且发射过程平稳,并将后坐阻力控制在400 kN以内,能够满足软后坐设计要求。可以看出该新型反后坐装置对各类不同弹种下的软后坐发射工况的良好适应性,具有很大的实用价值,对软后坐火炮的设计应用提供一定的参考。Soft recoil launching technology is an important technical way to reduce the recoil force of the gun.Soft recoil technology is normally achieved by fixed forward-rushing position.Because of the difference of bore pressure,the hydraulic resistance caused by recoil mechanism is remarkable in the process of firing.The moving parts cannot move to the right position normally when the ammunition is changed.In order to improve the performance and adaptability of the soft recoil gun,a soft recoil device with servo controlled adjustable flow port was proposed.By the application of before feedback control during firing,the hydraulic resistance can be adjusted effectively to adapt to multiply types of ammunition through forward-control.Based on the soft recoil launch test data of a conventional recoil device,the particle swarm optimization was used to identify the structural interval parameters.Then,the launching process of the proposed recoil device was simulated by combining the identified parameters and fluid simulation results.The simulation results show that the recoil mechanism can make the soft recoil gun work normally and stably under the condition of the different ammunition.The recoil force can be controlled within 400 kN,which meets the design requirements.Therefore,the new recoil mechanism has good adaptation for soft recoil firing of multiply types of ammunition,and it has great practical value,providing a certain reference for the design and application of the soft recoil gun.

关 键 词：软后坐火炮 反后坐装置 参数辨识 结构设计 

分 类 号：TJ302[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]