红火蚁告警信息素2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪在天然橡胶塞和PVC管载体中的释放规律及田间验证  

Release patterns and field verification of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, the alarm pheromone of Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in natural rubber plug and PVC pipe carriers

作　　者：丁浩毅 黄俊[1,2] 张娟[3] 李晓维[2] 张大羽[1] 吕要斌[1,2] DING Hao-Yi;HUANG Jun;ZHANG Juan;LI Xiao-Wei;ZHANG Da-Yu;LVYao-Bin(College of Advanced Agriculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Hazard Factors of Agricultural Products and Risk Prevention&Control,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province,Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Institute of Garden Plants and Flowers,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 311122,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学现代农学院,杭州311300 [2]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,农业农村部和浙江省植保生物技术重点实验室,杭州310021 [3]浙江省农业科学院园林植物与花卉研究所,杭州311122

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第11期1535-1542,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1000500);浙江省公益技术应用研究计划(LGN21C140005);浙江省“三农九方”科技协作项目(2022SNJF075)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确红火蚁Solenopsis invicta告警信息素2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪在天然橡胶塞(natural rubber plug,NRP)和PVC管(PVC pipe,PVCP)两种缓释载体中的释放规律,并通过田间试验进行验证。【方法】利用顶空固相微萃取法(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatogram-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)测定2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪剂量和峰面积之间关系的标准曲线,以及不同剂量的2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪在这两种缓释载体中分别萃取15,30和60 min时的释放量和释放速率。【结果】在NRP载体中,2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪的释放速率在同剂量下随萃取时间增加逐渐变慢,10000 ng剂量下萃取15 min分别与萃取30和60 min之间,以及100000 ng剂量下萃取60 min分别与萃取15和30 min之间2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪的释放量均有显著差异,而相同剂量下不同萃取时间之间的释放动态均存在显著差异。在PVCP载体中,释放速率在同剂量下随萃取时间增加逐渐变快,相同剂量下不同萃取时间2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪释放量之间均存在显著差异。田间验证发现,在NRP载体中1000 ng 2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪对红火蚁有显著的诱集作用,随着剂量的升高则对红火蚁的驱避作用越明显。在PVCP载体中,10000 ng 2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪对红火蚁有显著的诱集作用,且随着剂量升高则对红火蚁的驱避作用越明显。【结论】红火蚁告警信息素2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪在NRP载体中的释放速率随萃取时间延长逐渐变慢,而在PVCP载体中的释放速率则随萃取时间延长而加快。而且,1000 ng 2-乙基-3,6-二甲基吡嗪搭配NRP载体或10000 ng搭配PVCP载体使用均能用于红火蚁的监测,NRP载体则更适用于红火蚁的快速发现。【Aim】To clarify the release patterns of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine,the alarm pheromone of the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta in two different slow-release carriers,the natural rubber plug(NRP)carrier and the PVC pipe(PVCP)carrier,and to verify the results in the field test.【Methods】A standard curve of the relationship between the dose and peak area of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine was established by using headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatogram-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The release amount and release rates of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at different doses were determined after extraction in these two slow-release carriers for 15,30 and 60 min,respectively.【Results】In NRP carriers,the release rate of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at the same dose gradually slowed down with the increase of extraction time.There were significant differences in the release amount of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at the dose of 10000 ng between 15 and 30 min,and between 15 and 60 min extraction,and in the release amount of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at the dose of 100000 ng between 60 and 15 min,and between 60 and 30 min extraction.There were significant differences in the release dynamics of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at the same dose among different extraction time.In PVCP carriers,the release rate of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at the same dose was gradually increased with the extraction time.There were significant differences in the release amount of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine at the same dose among different extraction time.In the field test,we confirmed that 1000 ng of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine in NPR carriers significantly attracted S.invicta,and with the increase of dose,2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine showed a significant repellent effect against S.invicta.In PVCP carriers,10000 ng of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine had a significant attractant effect on S.invicta,and with the increase of the dose,2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine showed a significant repellent effect against S.i

关 键 词：红火蚁 告警信息素 顶空固相微萃取 缓释载体 释放规律 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]