硼对大白菜谷氨酰胺合成酶家族基因影响研究  

Effects of Boron on Glutamine Synthetase Family Genes in Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：冯德玉 徐卫红[1] FENG Deyu;XU Weihong(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期17-30,共14页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23-B08);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201200).

摘　　要：大白菜(Brassica pekinensis(Lour.)Rupr.)对硼的需求量较高且对低硼胁迫很敏感,常出现硼缺乏症.目前国内外对硼调控蔬菜风味品质的研究较为缺乏.采用盆栽试验研究了不同硼肥用量对大白菜生长发育、风味以及谷氨酰胺合成酶(Glutamine Synthetase,GLN)家族基因表达的影响,初步探讨了硼对大白菜风味品质的调控机理.结果显示,施用硼肥提高了大白菜必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例.主成分分析表明,蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸是大白菜的第一限制氨基酸,鲜味氨基酸中的天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸对大白菜风味贡献最大.施用硼肥后大白菜根GLN1.2和GLN2的表达量上调,GLN1.1和GLN1.4的表达量下调.‘华良早5号’叶柄GLN1.1和GLN1.4的表达量上调,‘脆甜白2号’叶柄GLN2表达量上调,GLN1.2表达量下调;叶片GLN家族基因表达量总体上调.大白菜地上部半胱氨酸质量分数与叶柄GLN1.4极显著正相关,酪氨酸质量分数与叶片GLN1.4显著负相关.不同大白菜品种对高硼的耐受能力存在差异,‘脆甜白2号’对高硼的耐受能力强于‘华良早5号’.Chinese cabbage(Brassica pekinensis(Lour.)Rupr.)has a high demand for boron and is sensitive to low boron stress,and often suffers from boron deficiency.At present,there is a lack of research on boron regulation of vegetable flavor quality at home and abroad.A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different borax fertilizer dosages on the growth,flavor and gene expression of glutamine synthetase(GLN)family of Chinese cabbage.The mechanism of boron regulated flavor quality of Chinese cabbage was discussed.The results showed that the proportion of essential amino acids in total amino acids of Chinese cabbage was increased by applying borax fertilizer.Principal component analysis showed that methionine and cysteine were the first limiting amino acids of Chinese cabbage,and aspartic acid and glutamic acid in umami amino acids contributed the most to the flavor of Chinese cabbage.The expressions of GLN1.2 and GLN2 in the roots of Chinese cabbage were up-regulated,while GLN1.1 and GLN1.4 were down-regulated.The expressions of GLN1.1 and GLN1.4 in‘Hualiangzao 5’petiole,and the expression of GLN2 in petiole of‘Chutianbai 2’were up-regulated,while the expression of GLN1.2 was down-regulated.The expression of GLN family gene in the leaves was generally up-regulated.Extremely significant positive correlation was found between content of cysteine in shoot and the expression of GLN1.4 in petiole,and significant negative correlation was observed in tyrosine content and the expression of GLN1.4 in leaf.There were differences in the tolerance to high boron among different Chinese cabbage varieties.The tolerance of‘Chutianbai 2’to high boron was stronger than that of‘Hualiangzao 5’.

关 键 词：硼 大白菜 品质调控 氨基酸组分 谷氨酰胺合成酶家族基因 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]