巨大口蘑与双孢蘑菇原生质体融合育种  

Protoplast Fusion Breeding of Macrocybe gigantea and Agaricus bisporus

作　　者：闫亚敏 梁大伟[1] 马建伟[1] 刘欣芊 肖裕玲 高锦运 田怡 薛建邦 莫美华[1] YAN Ya-min;LIANG Da-wei;MA Jian-wei;LIU Xin-qian;XIAO Yu-ling;GAO Jin-yun;TIAN Yi;XUE Jian-bang;MO Mei-hua(College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2023年第6期24-31,40,共9页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：广东省2022年省级乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目;广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515010308);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设——食用菌产业技术体系创新团队(2023KJ103)。

摘　　要：为了培育出生长速度快、生长周期短的巨大口蘑优良新菌株,以巨大口蘑和双孢蘑菇2796为亲本菌株,建立原生质体聚乙二醇(PEG)融合体系。将分别经过紫外灭活的巨大口蘑和热灭活的双孢蘑菇原生质体按照体积比1∶1混合,PEG(分子量6000)质量分数为30%,Tris浓度为0.016 mol·L-1,Ca2+浓度为0.014 mol·L-1,30℃水浴20 min,该最佳融合条件下融合率达0.0387%。利用灭活原生质体作为标记筛选出融合子,再生培养后通过菌落形态、细胞学观察、拮抗试验、出菇试验验证再生菌株为融合菌株,最终从7个再生菌株中筛选出3个融合菌株,进行出菇试验。试验表明,3个融合菌株的母种和栽培种生长速度明显快于母本菌株巨大口蘑,栽培周期明显缩短。In order to cultivate excellent new strains of Macrocybe gigantea with fast growth rate and shortened growth cycle,a protoplast polyethylene glycol(PEG)fusion system was established by using M.gigantea and Agaricus bisporus 2796 as parental strains.The UV-inactivated protoplast of M.gigantea and the heat-inactivated protoplast of A.bisporus were mixed according to the volume ratio of 1∶1,with the mass fraction of PEG(molecular weight 6000)was 30%,the concentration of Tris was 0.016 mol·L-1,and the concentration of Ca2+was 0.014 mol·L-1,respectively,in a water bath at 30℃for 20 min.Under the optimal fusion condition,the fusion rate reached 0.0387%.Using inactivated protoplasts as markers,fusants were screened and regenerated in the culture medium.Colony morphology,cytological observation,antagonistic experiments and emergence experiments were used to verify that the regenerated strains were fused.Finally,three fused strains were selected from seven regenerated strains,and cultivation experiments were conducted on the fused strains.The results showed that their stock culture and spawn of the fused strains grew significantly faster than that of the original strain of M.gigantea,and the cultivation period was significantly shortened.

关 键 词：巨大口蘑 双孢蘑菇 原生质体融合 育种 新菌株 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]