新型城镇化进程中移民子女的学习适应及其影响因素——基于西南地区易地扶贫搬迁移民的调查  

The Learning Adaptation and Influencing Factors of Relocated Children in the Process of New Urbanization:A Survey of Relocated Residents in Southwest China

作　　者：周琴[1,2] ZHOU Qin(College of Teachers Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Southwest Ethnic Education and Psychological Research Center,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教师教育学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期46-56,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：2020年国家社会科学基金一般项目“西南民族地区易地扶贫搬迁移民儿童的文化适应与教育对策研究”(20BZ077)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新型城镇化的核心是人的城镇化,而教育是推动人口城镇化的基本路径。研究聚焦易地扶贫搬迁移民子女的学习适应,通过问卷调查和深度访谈,从学习策略、学习成效、厌学倾向三个维度对义务教育阶段的移民子女展开调查。数据分析发现,移民子女搬迁后的学习适应整体良好,但学习策略和学习成效的自评略低于本地学生且教师评价存在显著差异,其学习实效性有待提升。回归分析表明,家庭功能、学校环境、社区支持三者各自在不同程度上影响着移民子女的学习适应,且三者整合可产生增幅效应。但学校无力对家庭和社区进行有效引导,家庭和社区缺乏对学校的主动支持,是易地扶贫搬迁移民子女教育面临的困境。锚定教育强国目标,有必要构建以学校教育为主导、以家庭教育为基点、以社会教育为依托的长效机制,促进移民子女学习提质增效,助推义务教育优质均衡发展。The core of new urbanization is human urbanization,and education is the basic path to the promotion of population urbanization.The study focuses on the learning adaptation of relocated children.Using questionnaire and interviews,a survey was conducted on relocated children in the compulsory education stage from three dimensions:learning strategies,learning outcomes,and aversion to learning.Data analysis found that the overall learning adaptation of relocated children is good,but their learning strategies and effectiveness are lower than that of local students and those evaluated by teachers.There is a need for enhancement in their learning effectiveness.Regression analysis demonstrated that family functionality,school environment,and community support exert varying degrees of influence on the learning adaptation of relocated children.The amalgamation of these factors can generate a positive growth effect.However,challenges arise from schools lacking effective guidance for families and communities,and the absence of active support from families and communities for schools.Addressing these issues is pivotal for the education of relocated children.Establishing a sustainable mechanism led by school education,rooted in family education,and reinforced by social education is imperative to realize the aspiration of building a strong nation in education.Such a mechanism will contribute to enhancing the learning quality and efficiency of relocated children,fostering high-quality and balanced development in compulsory education.

关 键 词：新型城镇化 易地扶贫搬迁 移民子女 学习适应 家校社 

分 类 号：D632.4[政治法律—政治学] G521[政治法律—中外政治制度]