面向高质量教育体系的我国三级教育经费规模和结构:问题与策略——基于中国和OECD国家的数据分析  

The Scale and Structure of Three-level Education Funds for High-Quality Education System in China:Problems and Strategies——Based on the Data of China and OECD Countries

作　　者：毛建青[1] 郭蓉 陈文博 MAO Jianqing;GUO Rong;CHEN Wenbo(Research Center of Modern University System,School of Public Administration,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China;Center for Higher Education Research,College of Humanities and Social Sciences,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学公共管理学院现代大学制度研究中心,浙江杭州310023 [2]南方科技大学人文社会科学学院高等教育研究中心,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2023年第5期19-30,82,共13页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“大学内部经费配置结构、模式及其与产出水平的关系研究”(71804164);教育部综合改革司委托课题“世界一流大学经费收支的国际比较研究”(22JGWT0014)。

摘　　要：1998—2020年我国初等、中等和高等三级教育经费的数据表明,三级教育经费与三级生均教育经费都持续增加,三级教育经费结构逐渐趋于稳定。基于与OECD国家的对比,研究发现:我国社会、政府对教育经费的投入规模均不足,政府在三级教育中负担比例较低,生均财政性初等和中等教育经费规模不足;我国三级生均教育经费结构仍不合理,生均教育经费差距大。因此,应保持经济持续稳定增长、加大财政投入力度、上移初等和中等教育经费责任主体、明确各级政府在不同隶属高校中的责任、出台《教育投入法》,以构建高质量教育体系、实现教育强国的战略目标。The data of China's primary,secondary and tertiary education funds from 1998 to 2020 show that the three-level education funds and the three-level education funds per student have continued to increase,and the structure of three-level education funds has gradually stabilized.Based on the comparison with OECD countries,the study reveals that the scale of social and governmental investment in education is insufficient,the proportion of fiscal funds for tertiary education is low,and the scale of per capita fiscal funds for primary and secondary education is insufficient;the structure of per capita three-level education funds is still unreasonable,with a notable gap between three levels of education.Therefore,it is necessary to maintain sustained and stable economic growth,increase fiscal expenditure on education,move up the main body responsible for primary and secondary education funds,clarify the responsibilities of governments at all levels in different affiliated universities,and enact the Education Investment Law in order to build a high-quality education system and achieve the strategic goal of building a leading country in education.

关 键 词：高质量教育体系 三级教育 社会教育经费 财政性教育经费 教育经费结构 

分 类 号：G526.7[文化科学—教育学]