广播式远程精密水下导航定位技术  

Broadcast-style long-range precise underwater navigation and positioning technology

作　　者：刘杨 曾安敏[2] 郑翠娥[3] 江鹏[4] 刘焱雄 LIU Yang;ZENG Anmin;ZHENG Cuie;JIANG Peng;LIU Yanxiong(Ocean Geomatics Research Center,First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China;Xi′an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi′an 710054,China;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;GNSS Research Center,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所海洋测绘研究中心,山东青岛266061 [2]西安测绘研究所,陕西西安710054 [3]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [4]武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2023年第11期1987-1995,共9页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42004030);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022S03);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202205102);国家重点研发计划(2020YFB0505805);山东省技术创新引导计划(2020YFB0505800).

摘　　要：面向水下定位、导航与授时服务需求,针对水下声学位置服务范围小、用户容量小、目标易暴露、环境适应性差的问题,本文提出了广播式远程精密水声导航定位理论方法和时空服务框架,研究了信号体制、基站位置与时钟自标校、广域声速场建模等关键技术,分析了基站立体组网优化设计、同步观测和数据处理等关键问题,提出了基站自主定位和时间同步解决方案。针对复杂多变的海洋声速场这一主要误差源,构建了附加声速场时变参数的函数模型和考虑声速变化特性的随机模型,提出了融合海洋物理机理的改正数建模和增强位置服务方法,以期提升水下PNT服务性能。Herein,a theoretical method and spatiotemporal service framework are proposed for realizing broadcast-style long-range precise underwater acoustic navigation and positioning to address the demand for underwater posi-tioning,navigation,and timing(PNT)services and underwater acoustic location-based service issues,such as a small service scope,small user capacity,easy exposure of targets,and poor environmental adaptability.Additional-ly,this paper explores key technologies such as the signal system,base station position and clock autonomous cali-bration,and wide-area sound velocity field modeling and analyzes key issues such as the optimization of the three-dimensional network design in the base station,synchronous observation,and data processing,proposing a solution for the autonomous positioning and time synchronization of the base stations.A function model with additional time-varying parameters of a sound velocity field and a random model considering sound velocity variation characteristics are constructed to solve complex and changing marine sound velocity fields,which are the main sources of error.Moreover,a correction modeling and augmented location-based service method integrating marine physical mecha-nisms are proposed to improve the performance of underwater PNT services.

关 键 词：水下导航 广播式 远程 通导一体化 立体组网 自主标校 时间同步 声速反演 改正数生成播发 

分 类 号：P229.2[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]