Post-transcriptional mechanisms controlling neurogenesis and direct neuronal reprogramming  

作　　者：Elsa Papadimitriou Dimitra Thomaidou 

机构地区：[1]Department of Neurobiology,Hellenic Pasteur Institute,Athens,Greece

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2024年第9期1929-1939,共11页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by Stavros Niarhos Foundation;Greek‘Flagship Action for the Study of Neurodegenerative Diseases on the Basis of Precision Medicine’(to DT).

摘　　要：Neurogenesis is a tightly regulated process in time and space both in the developing embryo and in adult neurogenic niches.A drastic change in the transcriptome and proteome of radial glial cells or neural stem cells towards the neuronal state is achieved due to sophisticated mechanisms of epigenetic,transcriptional,and post-transcriptional regulation.Understanding these neurogenic mechanisms is of major importance,not only for shedding light on very complex and crucial developmental processes,but also for the identification of putative reprogramming factors,that harbor hierarchically central regulatory roles in the course of neurogenesis and bare thus the capacity to drive direct reprogramming towards the neuronal fate.The major transcriptional programs that orchestrate the neurogenic process have been the focus of research for many years and key neurogenic transcription factors,as well as repressor complexes,have been identified and employed in direct reprogramming protocols to convert non-neuronal cells,into functional neurons.The post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during nervous system development has emerged as another important and intricate regulatory layer,strongly contributing to the complexity of the mechanisms controlling neurogenesis and neuronal function.In particular,recent advances are highlighting the importance of specific RNA binding proteins that control major steps of mRNA life cycle during neurogenesis,such as alternative splicing,polyadenylation,stability,and translation.Apart from the RNA binding proteins,microRNAs,a class of small non-coding RNAs that block the translation of their target mRNAs,have also been shown to play crucial roles in all the stages of the neurogenic process,from neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation,neuronal differentiation and migration,to functional maturation.Here,we provide an overview of the most prominent post-transcriptional mechanisms mediated by RNA binding proteins and microRNAs during the neurogenic process,giving particular emphasis on

关 键 词：direct neuronal reprogramming in vivo glia-to-neuron conversion microRNAs NEUROGENESIS post-transcriptional regulation RNA binding proteins 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]