宫颈癌放疗过程中相关急性不良反应的发生机制及防治措施研究进展  

Research Progress of Occurrence Mechanism and Prevention Measures for Acute Adverse Reactions during Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer

作　　者：王永花[1] 马生春[1] 赵俊哲[2] WANG Yonghua;MA Shengchun;ZHAO Junzhe(Department of Tumor Radiotherapy,Qinghai Red Cross Hospital,Xining 810000,China;Department of Gynecology,Qinghai Red Cross Hospital,Xining 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海红十字医院肿瘤放疗科,西宁810000 [2]青海红十字医院妇科,西宁810000

出　　处：《医学综述》2023年第23期5299-5303,5308,共6页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：宫颈癌早期无明显症状,随病情进展可出现阴道出血、排液等症状,严重者可引发致命大出血、尿毒症等。放疗是治疗宫颈癌的主要方式,可有效清除癌细胞、降低癌症复发率,但仍具有一定缺陷,可损伤周围正常组织,引发多种不良反应。常见的急性不良反应有子宫穿孔、放射性直肠炎、放射性膀胱炎、下肢淋巴结水肿、骨髓抑制、疼痛及麻醉相关不良反应等,严重影响临床疗效及预后。因此,加强对宫颈癌放疗中急性不良反应的临床防治极为重要。未来应进一步研究放疗相关技术,以更为精准地定位肿瘤位置、控制放射剂量,从而降低不良反应发生率。Cervical cancer has no obvious symptoms at the early stage,but vaginal bleeding,fluid discharge and other symptoms may occur with the progress of the disease,and in serious cases it may lead to fatal bleeding,uremia and so on.Radiation therapy is the main method of treating cervical cancer,which can effectively eliminate cancer cells and reduce the recurrence rate.However,it still has certain defects,such as damage to surrounding normal tissues,and causing various adverse reactions.Common acute adverse reactions include uterine perforation,radiation proctitis,radiation cystitis,lower limb lymph node edema,bone marrow suppression,pain and anesthesia related adverse reactions,which seriously affect the clinical efficacy and prognosis.Therefore,it is extremely important to strengthen the clinical prevention and treatment of acute adverse reactions in cervical cancer radiotherapy.In the future,further research should be conducted on radiation related technologies to more accurately locate tumor locations,control radiation doses,and reduce adverse reaction rates.

关 键 词：宫颈癌 放疗 急性不良反应 

分 类 号：R730.55[医药卫生—肿瘤]