地铁列车运行与车底周转计划同步实时调整方法  

Metro trains rescheduling method involving the rescheduling problem of rolling stocks

作　　者：徐培娟 牛瑜巍 秦阳[1] 彭辉[1] 魏方华 XU Peijuan;NIU Yuwei;QIN Yang;PENG Hui;WEI Fanghua(School of Transportation Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Engineering Informatization,Xi’an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学运输工程学院,陕西西安710064 [2]轨道交通工程信息化国家重点实验室,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第12期4517-4528,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：轨道交通工程信息化国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLK22-13);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2023-JC-YB-496);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52072044,71801019);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(300102342104)。

摘　　要：地铁区间线路双线中断干扰事件的发生,会造成列车偏离原列车运行计划,进而扰乱原车底周转计划的实施,调度员要面临停开列车、调整交路和车底周转计划等问题。针对此类问题的干扰,基于事件活动网络理论建立混合整数线性优化数学模型,综合考虑列车在车站及区间运行约束、车底与列车的匹配约束、车底周转约束、终止列车运行路径等约束,同步实现了双向列车运行的实时调整、列车运行小交路的变更以及车底的周转使用计划的调整。针对该复杂的数学优化模型,通过精简模型中的决策变量和紧约束条件,利用商业求解软件实现了对最优解值的短时高效的求解。最后,以西安地铁2号线为例,对取消列车惩罚系数、列车区间运行时间延长等变量进行了对比分析,结果表明:针对不同算例参数,在600s的计算时长内均能得到最优解,当取消1列列车的惩罚系数取值在150~500之间,优化方案效果最佳;被取消的列车多发生在故障发生后紧邻时间域内;首列被影响的列车在中断区间的上游毗邻区间的运行时间的长短对线路后续通过能力的影响最大。因此,在故障干扰时间和范围一定的情况下,系统决策制定的时间和反应速度会直接影响取消列车数量及区间晚点时间。最后,绘制了调整后的列车运行图和车底使用计划图,论证了解的可靠性。When the fullblockage of tracks in both directions of the urban rail transit system happens,the original timetable is deviated with traffic delay,or even the original plan of rolling stocks becomes infeasible as well.The dispatcher has to face the problems of stopping the train and adjusting the route and the train turnover plan.Aiming at the interference of such problems,a mixed integer linear optimization mathematical model was established based on the event activity network theory,which comprehensively considers the constraints of train running at stations and intervals,matching constraints between train bottom and train,turnover constraints of train bottom and terminating train running path.The real-time adjustment of two-way train operation,the change of the minor crossing of train operation,and the adjustment of the turnover plan of the car bottom were synchronously achieved.Due to the complexity of the proposed mathematical model,the method was proposed by reducing the amount of decision variables related to the combination of trains with different directions and the amount of certain tight-constraints related to the turn-around of rolling stocks based on a commercial solving software.In this way,the optimal solution was provided promptly without the algorithm design.Finally,a real-world case from Xi’an Metro Line 2 was studied to figure out the comparative analysis such as the penalty coefficient of train cancellation and the extension of train interval running time.Based on the results,certain conclusions were drawn:all experimental cases with different settings could be solved by the method proposed within 600 s;the best value of the penalty coefficient for train cancellation was between 150 to 500;the trains whose departure times at the stations interrupted was in the immediately following time domain after the disruption occur were most likely to be cancelled.Consequently,in the case of a disruption with certain duration and severity,the decision-making time and reaction speed of the operation contr

关 键 词：轨道交通 运营组织 列车运行调整 车底交路 数学优化调整 区间中断 

分 类 号：U292.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]