咪鲜胺对葡萄表面赭曲霉毒素产毒活性的影响  

Effect of prochloraz on production activity of ochratoxin on grape surface

作　　者：胡桂仙[1] 陈铭轩 王强[1] 郭东梅 HU Guixian;CHEN Mingxuan;WANG Qiang;GUO Dongmei(Institute ofQuality,Safety and Nutrition ofAgricultural Products,Zhejiang Academy ofAgricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;China College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,杭州310021 [2]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210000

出　　处：《农药》2023年第12期923-928,共6页Agrochemicals

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-29)。

摘　　要：[目的]咪鲜胺对水果储藏期病害有很好的防治效果,明确咪鲜胺是否可以抑制采后葡萄中炭黑曲霉和黑曲霉菌落生长。[方法]以查氏酵母膏培养基与葡萄为基质,研究咪鲜胺在不同温度下对炭黑曲霉和黑曲霉生长以及产毒的影响。[结果]20℃时,咪鲜胺对炭黑曲霉和黑曲霉的EC50分别为0.031、0.017 mg/kg。28℃时,咪鲜胺对炭黑曲霉和黑曲霉的EC50分别为0.058、0.067 mg/kg;在CYA培养基上,不同温度、浓度的咪鲜胺均会导致炭黑曲霉产生赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)量显著增加。在葡萄上,冷藏条件下咪鲜胺会显著刺激炭黑曲霉产生OTA,在室温条件下咪鲜胺对炭黑曲霉产生OTA有明显的抑制效果。不同温度下咪鲜胺对炭黑曲霉和黑曲霉的生长抑制效果较好,但对其产生毒素的抑制效果不理想,且受环境温度影响较大。[结论]在药剂防治真菌产生毒素方面,并非是药剂浓度越高防治效果越好。[Aims]Prochloraz has a good control effect on fruit diseases during storage,this study aims to determine whether prochloraz can inhibit the growth of Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergllus niger in postharvest grape.[Methods]The effects of prochloraz on the growth and toxic production of A.carbonarius and A.niger at different temperatures were studied with the medium of Chazalini's yeast paste and grape as substrate.[Results]At 20 C,the ECso of prochloraz against A.carbonarius and A.niger was 0.031 and 0.017 mg/kg,respectively.At 28 C,the ECso of prochloraz against A.carbonarius and A.niger was 0.058 and 0.067 mg/kg,respectively.On CYA medium,all concentrations of prochloraz at different temperatures resulted in a significant increase of ochratoxin A(OTA)production from A.carbonarius.On grape,prochloraz could significantly stimulate OTA production under refrigerated conditions,while prochloraz had obvious inhibitory effect on OTA produced by A.carbonarius at room temperature.At different temperatures,prochloraz had a good effect on the growth of A.carbonarius and A.niger,but its effect on the toxin production was not ideal,and it was greatly affected by the environmental temperature.[Conclusions]In the control of fungal toxins,it is not the higher the concentration of agents,the better the control effect.

关 键 词：咪鲜胺 赭曲霉毒素A 炭黑曲霉 黑曲霉 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]