茶树春季发芽期的QTL定位及候选基因分析  

QTL Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis for Timing of Spring Bud Flush in Tea Plants(Camellia sinensis)

作　　者：王留彬 吴立赟[1] 韦康[1] 王丽鸳[1] WANG Liubin;WU Liyun;WEI Kang;WANG Liyuan(National Centre for Tea Improvement,Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,国家茶树改良中心,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2023年第6期747-756,共10页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大专项(2021C02067-7-1);国家茶叶产业技术体系资助(CARS-19)。

摘　　要：春季发芽期(Timing of spring bud flush,TBF)是茶树重要的农艺性状,对茶叶的风味品质和经济效益均具有重要的影响。为了挖掘调控茶树TBF性状的关键候选基因,以龙井43×白毫早杂交的F1群体327株子代为材料,利用基于该群体构建的茶树高密度遗传图谱,采用MapQTL 6.0和GACD 1.2软件对茶树春季发芽指数(Sprouting indexs,SPI)进行数量性状基因座(QTL)定位。连续两年(2022、2023年)对群体子代的春季SPI进行观测,结果显示,SPI在F1群体内存在明显的性状分离,表现出数量性状的特征。利用MapQTL6.0软件定位到1个主效的QTL(qSPI-5-1),分别可解释18.30%(2022年)和7.60%(2023年)的表型变异;利用GACD1.2软件定位到2个稳定的QTL位点(qSPI-1,qSPI-5-2),解释2.75%~18.40%的表型变异,且qSPI-5-2与qSPI-5-1位点基本重合。进一步将上述3个位点的置信区间与茶树参考基因组进行比对,通过基因功能注释分析共筛选到23个与调控茶树春季发芽期相关的候选基因。研究结果为进一步探究茶树春季萌发的调控基因和分子机理提供了理论参考。The timing of spring bud flush(TBF)is an important agronomic trait of tea plants,which has great effects on the flavor quality and economic benefits of tea.In this study,to discover key candidate genes regulating TBF,a F1 population of‘Longjing 43’בBaihaozao’comprising 327 offspring was used and a two years’investigation of TBF were performed in the tea garden.Based on the high-density genetic map constructed from the F1 population,QTL mapping for the sprouting index(SPI)of tea plants was performed using MapQTL 6.0 and GACD 1.2 software.The phenotypes of SPI in 2022 and 2023 show significant trait segregation and exhibit obvious quantitative trait characteristics in the progeny population.MapQTL 6.0 was identified as a primary QTL(qSPI-5-1),which explained 18.30%(2022)and 7.60%(2023)of phenotypic variations,respectively.GACD1.2 software identified two stable QTLs(qSPI-1,qSPI-5-2),which explained 2.75%-18.40%of phenotypic variations.While qSPI-5-2 and qSPI-5-1 were largely overlapped.The confidence intervals of the above QTLs were compared to the reference genome of tea plants,and 23 candidate genes related to the TBF were found by function annotation analysis.These results provided theoretical references for further investigation on the regulatory genes and molecular mechanisms of spring bud flushing in tea plants.

关 键 词：茶树 春季发芽期 数量性状基因座 候选基因 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S326[农业科学—作物学]