铝合金前防撞横梁的服役性能预测及评价  

Prediction and evaluation of service performance of aluminum alloy front anti-collision beam

作　　者：肖罡 万可谦[1] 朱必武 刘筱 杨钦文 郭鹏程[1,2,5] XIAO Gang;WAN Ke-qian;ZHU Bi-wu;LIU Xiao;YANG Qin-wen;GUO Peng-cheng(Jiangxi KMAX Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330001,China;School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Jiangxi Copper Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330096,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Guangdong Ocean University,Yangjiang 529500,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西科骏实业有限公司,江西南昌330001 [2]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]江西铜业技术研究院有限公司,江西南昌330096 [4]广东海洋大学材料科学与工程学院,广东阳江529500 [5]中南林业科技大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2023年第12期62-68,共7页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075159,51905166);江西省虚拟现实关键应用技术攻关(揭榜挂帅)项目(20213ABC03V01);江西省自然科学基金杰出青年基金资助项目(20224ACB218002);江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程资助项目;湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30019);广西大学省部共建特色金属材料与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2022GXYSOF24)。

摘　　要：在某车型前舱的设计空间内,设计了一款基于铝型材的前防撞横梁,并通过准静态和动态拉伸试验获得了铝合金的应力-应变曲线,开展了前防撞横梁的服役性能预测及评价。结果表明,6061-T6和6082-T6铝合金的流变应力具有明显的应变速率效应。相比之下,6061-T6铝合金的屈服强度略高,而6082-T6铝合金的应变硬化和应变速率硬化更强;40%重叠偏置碰撞的最大侵入量和应变均大于100%重叠正面碰撞,两者的最大侵入量分别为29.2和29.1 mm,最终侵入量分别为22.4和14.9 mm;拖钩强度工况下,前防撞横梁各结构和焊缝的安全系数均大于1.45,6061-T6铝合金部件、6082-T6铝合金部件和焊缝处的最大疲劳损伤分别为0.435、0.103和0.460,满足强度和损伤的评价指标。A front anti-collision beam based on aluminum profile was designed within the design space of a vehicle forecabin.The stressstrain curves of aluminum alloy were obtained through quasi-static and dynamic tensile tests,and the prediction and evaluation of service performance of front anti-collision beam were carried out.The results show that the flow stress of 6061-T6 and 6082-T6 aluminum alloy illustrate apparent strain rate effect.In contrast,the yield strength of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy is slightly higher,while the strain hardening and strain rate hardening of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy are stronger.The maximum intrusion and strain of 40%overlap offset collision are greater than those of 100%overlap offset collision.The maximum intrusions of both are 29.2 and 29.1 mm,respectively,and the final intrusions are 22.4 and 14.9 mm,respectively.Under the towing hook strength loads,the safety coefficients of each structure of front anti-collision beam and weld are higher than 1.45,and the maximum fatigue damage of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy parts,6082-T6 aluminum alloy parts and weld are 0.435,0.103 and 0.460,respectively,which meet the evaluation standards of strength and damage.

关 键 词：防撞横梁 铝合金 低速碰撞 拖钩强度 疲劳损伤 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]