盐胁迫和外源物对人工合成小麦发芽及生长生理影响  

Effect of Different Salt Concentrations and Exogenous Matter on the Germination,Seedling Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Synthetic Hexaploidy Wheat

作　　者：胡文 万洪深[2,3] 何娟 李俊 杨武云[2,3] 肖春 雷建容[1] 杨晶 杨玉敏 HU Wen;WAN Hongshen;HE Juan;LI Jun;YANG Wuyun;XIAO chun;LEI Jianrong;YANG Jing;YANG Yumin(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;Crop Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science,Chengdu 610066,China;Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,成都610066 [2]四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都610066 [3]农业农村部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2023年第6期1065-1070,1078,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科学技术厅应用基础项目(2020YJ0469)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究盐浓度和外源物对人工合成小麦种子萌芽、幼苗生长和生理指标的影响,解析材料耐盐差异,为进一步选育耐盐品种或研究耐盐机制奠定基础。【方法】试验以人工合成小麦S79和S80为材料,盐浓度设置了6个不同浓度,外源物设置了3种不同方式,研究材料在不同处理下的发芽、生长和生理指标的变化。【结果】随盐浓度提高,人工合成小麦材料的发芽率呈先增后降趋势,盐浓度0.15%时达顶峰,随后呈下降趋势。S80在6个盐浓度下3种外源物处理下的发芽率均显著优于S79。S79和S80幼苗期的根长、单株根数、单株根鲜重、苗高、单株苗鲜重随盐浓度的增加而降低,盐浓度增加到0.3%,人工合成小麦生长严重影响。S80在6个不同盐浓度下幼苗的生长均优于S79。与蒸馏水处理相比,添加外源物H_(2)O_(2)和GA_(3)后人工合成小麦发芽率,幼苗根长、苗高、单株根重以及单株苗重均显著提高,GA_(3)的效果优于H_(2)O_(2);盐浓度处理下,人工合成小麦幼苗中脯氨酸、质膜相对透性、可溶性糖、MDA增加,ɑ-淀粉酶活性、可溶蛋白质、SOD、POD和CAT减少,S80生理生化指标含量均高于S79。【结论】S80在萌发期和幼苗期的耐盐性显著优于S79,可用于进一步分析其耐盐相关性状及QTL定位;GA_(3)在缓解盐胁迫对人工合成小麦生长的影响强于H_(2)O_(2),可作为缓解盐胁迫对小麦萌芽和幼苗生长毒害的物质之一。【Objective】The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different salt concentrations and exogenous matter on synthetic hexaploidy wheat seed germination,seedling growth,and physiological indicators,and then to analyze the response difference between them,which lays a foundation for the utilization of materials and the study of related mechanisms.【Method】In this experiment,synthetic hexaploidy wheat S79 and S80 were used as experimental materials.The six different salt concentrations and the three different exogenous matters were set up to study theirs germination,seedling growth and physiological characteristics.【Result】With the increase of salt concentration,the germination rate of the two synthetic hexaploidy wheat materials increased firstly,and then decreased.When the salt concentration was 0.15%,their germination rate reached the peak,and then showed a downward trend.The germination rate of S80 was significantly better than that of S79 under the six salt concentrations and the three exogenous matter soaking seed.Compared with the control,root length,root number,root weight,seedling height and seedling weight of S79 and S80 decreased with the increase of salt concentration.When the salt concentration reached 0.3%,their growth was seriously affected.Growth of S80 was better than S79 in seedling stage at six different salt concentrations.Compared with water treatment,the germination rate,root length,plant height,root weight and plant weight of seedlings adding H_(2)O_(2)and GA_(3),which were significantly improved.The effect of adding GA_(3)was better than that of H_(2)O_(2).Under salt concentration treatment,proline concentration,relative permeability of plasma membrane,soluble sugar concentration,and MDA increased in seedlings,while the activities of alpha amylase,soluble protein concentration,SOD,POD,and CAT decreased.The physiological and biochemical indexes of S80 were all higher than those of S79.These physiological indexes of S80 were significantly better than those of S79.【Conclusi

关 键 词：人工合成小麦 盐胁迫 外源物 萌发 生长特性 生理特性 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]