黔东苗语k■au^(13)及其与■ε^(13)、■au^(13)的比较研究  

AComparative Study on Qian-Dong Miao Dialect k■au^(13) and its Relationship with ■hε^(13) ■■au^(13)

作　　者：张开杰 ZHANG Kaijie(School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《兴义民族师范学院学报》2023年第6期15-23,27,共10页Journal of Minzu Normal University of Xingyi

摘　　要：黔东苗语动词k■au^(13)的语法意义丰富,具有许多的动词义项,有进一步向介词发展的趋势,处于动介词阶段;还具有构词的功能,可受状词的修饰。其与动词■ε^(13)的关系较为复杂,两者作动介词,含义为“被....”义,但它们所受的主语、宾语的限制却不同。通过比较研究,认为■ε^(13)是苗语更为古老的原始固有词,随着语言的发展,苗语k■au^(13)的“被动”义是后起的创新词。而判断动词■au^(13)的用法相对单一,没有构成功能,不受状词修饰,但其语法化程度却相对较高,已向情态功能、假设功能的方向发展。With many semantics,the verb k■au^(13)in Qian-Dong Miao dialect is rich in the grammatical meanings,which is in the stage of verb prepositions,and has a further trend towards prepositions.It also has the function of composition and can be modified by adverbs.It is related to■ε^(13).The relationship between the two is relatively complex with the meaning of the active preposition being"by...",but they are subject to different restrictions of the subject and object.Through comparative research,it is believed that■ε^(13)is a more ancient primitive inherent word in the Miao dialect.With the development of the language,the'passive'of k■au^(13)in Miao dialect is an innovative term that emerged later.And the usage of judging verbs■au^(13)is relatively simple,while it has no constitutive function,and is not modified by adverbs.However,its grammaticalization level is relatively high,and it has developed towards modal and hypothetical functions.

关 键 词：黔东苗语 动词 动介词 k■au^(13) ■ε^(13) ■au^(13) 比较研究 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]