饲养方式对家畜生产性能和肉品质影响研究概况  

A Review on the Effects of Feeding Patterns on the Production Performance and Meat Quality of Livestock

作　　者：孙梦娇 丁赫 张晓庆[1,3] 张国瑞 SUN Mengjiao;DING He;ZHANG Xiaoqing;ZHANG Guorui(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;College of Grassland Science,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Institute of Pratacultural Science,Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]青岛农业大学草业学院,山东青岛266109 [3]西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2023年第12期121-129,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：西藏自治区“十四五”重大科技专项(XZ202101ZD0001N);西藏自治区中央引导地方专项(XZ202201YD0031C)。

摘　　要：随着人们生活水平和健康意识的不断提高,牛羊肉在日常饮食结构中的占比明显上升。当前饲养牛羊的方式主要有放牧、半放牧半舍饲和全舍饲三种,不同饲养方式对家畜的营养摄取、生产性能和肉品质方面均有影响。围绕当前主要实施的放牧、半放牧半舍饲、全舍饲三种不同饲养方式,从增重、屠宰性能、肉的感官品质、肉的理化性质和营养价值方面,综述饲养方式对家畜生产性能和肉品质的影响,旨在了解不同饲养方式的优劣势,为现代草原畜牧业转型升级提供参考,以获得更好的畜产品和经济效益。With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and health awareness,the proportion of beef and mutton in the daily diet structure has increased significantly.At present,the main methods of raising cattle and sheep are grazing,semi-grazing and semi-house feeding,and full house feeding.However,the nutritional intake,production performance and meat quality of livestock under different feeding patterns are different.Based on the three main feeding regimes of grazing,semi-grazing and semihouse feeding,and full house feeding,this paper summarized the effects of feeding patterns on production performance and meat quality of livestock from the aspects of weight gain,slaughter performance,sensory quality of meat,physicochemical properties of meat,and nutritional value of meat.The aim was to understand the advantages and disadvantages of different feeding patterns,and provide a reference for the transformation and upgrading of modern grassland-based animal husbandry,so as to obtain better livestock products and economic benefits.

关 键 词：饲养方式 家畜 生产性能 肉品质 放牧管理 

分 类 号：S815.2[农业科学—畜牧学]