基于净初级生产力的丘陵山地生态系统水源涵养功能评价——以重庆市为例  

Evaluation of Ecosystem Water Conservation Capacity in Hilly and Mountainous Areas Based on Net Primary Productivity:Taking Chongqing City as an Example

作　　者：叶勤玉 何泽能 杨世琦 王舒[2] 张德军 YE Qinyu;HE Zeneng;YANG Shiqi;WANG Shu;ZHANG Dejun(CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy,Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Chongqing 401147,China;National Meteorological Information Centre,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气候资源经济转化重点开放实验室,重庆市气象科学研究所,重庆401147 [2]国家气象信息中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2023年第4期56-64,共9页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3901400);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX1009,cstc2020jcyj-msxmX1026)。

摘　　要：以丘陵山地典型城市重庆为例,基于植被净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity,NPP),改进水源涵养生态功能定量指标评估模型,对生态系统水源涵养功能以及重要性等级空间分布进行分析。结果表明:2019年,重庆市年平均NPP为934 gC·m^(-2),年降水量为500~1400 mm,改进的年平均水源涵养服务能力指数(Water Retention Index,WRI)为0.04。整体看,重庆市水源涵养生态功能呈“东北与东南部高、西部低”的空间分布格局,WRI高值区主要沿山脊呈带状分布。水源涵养功能极重要等级在渝东北和渝东南主要分布在高森林覆盖区域,而在渝西则大多集中在山脉附近呈带状分布;重要等级穿插在极重要等级之间,主要分布在奉节、云阳、忠县、綦江等区县;一般重要等级穿插在重要等级之间,主要分布在渝西。极重要等级面积中,森林、草地占比分别为33.8%、54.8%。改进的WRI综合利用遥感技术优势,耦合了植被和降水的信息,能可靠地对丘陵山地水源涵养功能进行定量化、空间化、精细化的监测。Taking Chongqing,a typical hilly and mountainous city,as an example,the improved water conservation capacity assessment model was constructed based on the Net Primary Productivity(NPP),and the spatial distribution of water conservation function and importance level of ecosystem was analyzed.The results show that in 2019,the annual average NPP in Chongqing was934 gC·m-2,the annual precipitation was between 500~1400 mm,and the improved annual average Water Retention Index(WRI) was0.04.The overall spatial distribution pattern of the water conservation capacity in Chongqing is high in the northeast and southeast and low in the west.The WRI shows a clear mountain context,and areas with high water conservation capacity are distributed along the mountain ridges.The extremely important grades of water conservation function are distributed in the northeast and the southeast of Chongqing,where there are a large number of continuous forests,while the extremely important grades are distributed in a narrow and long belt in the west of Chongqing,mainly concentrated in the vicinity of mountain ranges.The important grades are interspersed between the extremely important grades,mainly in districts and counties such as Fengjie,Yunyang,Zhongxian,Qijiang.The general important grades are interspersed among important grades,mainly concentrated in the west of Chongqing.In the extremely important grade area,forest and grassland account for 33.8% and 54.8%,respectively.The improved WRI combines the advantages of remote sensing technology and couples the information of vegetation and precipitation,it can monitor the water conservation capacity in hilly and mountainous areas in a quantitative,spatial and fine-grained manner.

关 键 词：NPP 水源涵养 定量评估模型 丘陵山地 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]