网络平台不实信息转发的法律责任辨析及其治理  

Analysis on the Legal Liability of Internet Platforms for Forwarding False Information and Countermeasures

作　　者：马立军 骆正言[1,2] 张楠 MA Lijun;LUO Zhengyan;ZHANG Nan

机构地区：[1]江苏开放大学公共管理学院 [2]江苏开放大学江苏基层社会治理研究协同创新基地

出　　处：《传媒经济与管理研究》2023年第2期78-100,共23页Media Economics and Management Research

摘　　要：遏制网络平台不实信息传播是网络文明建设的重要内容,对于建设网络强国、数字中国具有重要意义。然而,已有研究对不实信息的转发者和网络平台应承担的法律责任关注不够。本文从故意责任说、过失责任说和过错推定责任说三种观点切入,分析不实信息转发者的法律责任,认为不实信息的转发者应当按照过错推定责任认定,并提出了两种豁免情形。分析网络平台在治理不实信息转发中的民事责任和行政责任,认为因为行政处罚具有强制性、广泛性、时效性,应该对平台优先适用行政责任。在实践中,需要进一步加强不实信息转发的法律法规的解释工作,提高执法效能;提升网络社交平台的自我规制动能;完善网络不实信息的第三方机构核查机制。Curbing the spread of false information on in-ternet platforms is an important part of the construction of network civilization,and is of great significance to the devel-opment of a a cyber nation a and digital China.However,existing studies have not paid enough attention to the legal li-ability of either forwarders or internet platforms for forward-ing false information.Approaching to the issue by raising three viewpoints:intention liability,negligence liability and fault presumption liability,this paper aimsat clarify the legal liability of forwarders of false information,arguing that for-warders of false information shall be held responsibility by referring to the presumption of fault liability.and identifies two exemption situations.By analyzing both civil and admin-istrative liability of internet platforms for forwarding false in-formation,this article proposes that administrative liability shall be preferentially applied to platforms as it is compulsive,extensive,and time efficient.In practice,it is necessary to further strengthen the interpretation of laws and regulations on the transmission of false information so as to improve the efficiency of law enforcement;to improve the self regulation capacity of social networking platforms;and to refine the verification mechanisms of third party institution.

关 键 词：网络平台 不实信息 转发 法律责任 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]