旅游疲劳的发生机制、多维特征与应对策略——基于扎根理论的探索性研究  

The Mechanism,Multi-characteristics,and Coping Strategies of Tourism Fatigue:An Exploratory Research Based on Grounded Theory

作　　者：孙晋坤 黄潇婷[1] 章锦河[2,3] 肖潇 邢哲铭 郭籽萌 SUN Jinkun;HUANG Xiaoting;ZHANG Jinhe;XIAO Xiao;XING Zheming;GUO Zimeng(School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Huangshan National Park Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210023,China;HNU-ASU Joint International Tourism College,Sanya 570228,China;School of Community Resources and Development,Arizona State University,Phoenix 85004,USA;College of Tourism and Culture Industry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院,山东济南250100 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023 [3]黄山国家公园生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,江苏南京210023 [4]海南大学亚利桑那州立大学联合国际旅游学院,海南三亚570228 [5]亚利桑那州立大学社区资源与发展学院,美国亚利桑那州凤凰城85004 [6]贵州大学旅游与文化产业学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2023年第12期130-139,共10页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“流动性视角下旅游疲劳的测度模型与形成机理研究”(42001142)资助~~。

摘　　要：疲劳在旅游活动中极易发生且普遍存在,是影响旅游体验质量的关键变量。疲劳一直是心理学、行为科学、交通运输、体育科学等领域的重要议题,但旅游疲劳的相关研究尚处于探索阶段。文章在梳理已有文献和旅游实践的基础上,采用扎根理论,对旅游疲劳的发生机制、多维特征与应对策略进行了探索性研究。研究发现:旅游疲劳的框架体系由4个主范畴(诱发因素、疲劳表现、行为效应和应对策略)和13个范畴构成。旅游疲劳在主体因素、中介因素和客体因素共同作用下逐渐形成,并表现出身体疲劳、兴趣疲劳、情感疲劳和认知疲劳的多维特征,其对游客的行为决策、体验质量和重游意愿均存在显著的复杂影响,可以通过主体提升、中介保障和客体控制3方面策略对其进行预防和缓解。旅游疲劳的探索为旅游行为研究提供了新的视角和内容,为游客服务和景区管理提供了理论参考。Fatigue is easy to occur and widespread in tourism activities,and it is a key variable that affects tourism experience.For a long time,tourism has been regarded as a positive activity to delight the body and mind,while tourists'negative state is often ignored.Fatigue has always been an important topic in psychology,behavioral science,transportation,and sports science.While tourism activities are always with high mobility and interactivity,tourism fatigue has not received enough attention.To address these research gaps,this paper adopts the grounded theory to conduct an exploratory study on the mechanism,multi-characteristics,and coping strategies of tourism fatigue.Following the principle of theoretical saturation,this study increases the data collection of specific locations and scenes,including Zhouzhuang,Huangshan Mountain,Nanjing Museum,and Western America.In this approach,the robustness of the results can be improved.This study interviewed 46tourists and a theoretical model of tourism fatigue was built through open coding,axial coding,selective coding,and theory saturation testing.This paper finds that the tourism fatigue model consists of 4 main categories(inducing factors,fatigue performance,effects of tourism fatigue,and coping strategies)and 13 sub-categories.Tourism fatigue gradually happened under the combined actions of the subjective factors,mediating factors,and objective factors.It consists of four dimensions,physical fatigue,motivational fatigue,affective fatigue,and cognitive fatigue.Tourism fatigue has significant complex effects on tourist decision-making,experience quality,and revisit.Given these,tourists can mitigate fatigue through three strategies:Subject improving,mediator guaranteeing,and object controlling.This study has some theoretical and practical implications.Our study findings have both theoretical and practical implications.First,tourism fatigue model is a supplement to the existing theoretical system of tourism behavior.Second,tourism fatigue provides new variables for the resear

关 键 词：旅游疲劳 发生机制 多维特征 应对策略 扎根理论 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]