哈勃常数危机  

Hubble-constant crisis

作　　者：蔡荣根 李理[2,3,4] 王少江 Cai Rong-Gen;Li Li;Wang Shao-Jiang(School of Physical Science and Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Institute of Theoretical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS),Beijing 100049,China;Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study(HIAS),University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS),Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学物理科学与技术学院,宁波315211 [2]中国科学院理论物理研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学物理科学学院,北京100049 [4]中国科学院大学杭州高等研究院,杭州310024

出　　处：《物理学报》2023年第23期273-289,共17页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFA0718304,2021YFC2203004,2020YFC2201502);国家自然科学基金(批准号:12105344,12235019,11821505,11991052,11947302,12122513)资助的课题。

摘　　要：哈勃常数定量刻画了当前宇宙的膨胀速率,精确测定哈勃常数是现代宇宙学的一个重要科学问题.近年来,哈勃常数的局域直接测量值与全局模型拟合值之间出现了越来越严重的偏差,其中局域直接测量值来自于晚期宇宙的局域距离阶梯测量结果,而全局模型拟合值来自于早期宇宙的微波背景辐射对宇宙学标准模型的观测限制.如果该偏差不是由其中任何一种观测手段的观测误差和系统误差所致,那么很有可能意味着存在超出宇宙学标准模型的新物理.本文从观测和模型两方面简述该哈勃常数危机问题,并结合作者近年来对此问题的研究从观测和模型两方面进行展望.The Hubble constant quantitatively characterizes the expansion rate of the current Universe,and its precise measurement has become a crucial scientific problem.In recent years,there has been an increasingly serious discrepancy between the local direct measurements of the Hubble constant and the global fitting results,where the local direct measurements come from the local distance ladder measurements of the late universe,and the global fitting results come from fitting the standard model of cosmology to the microwave background radiation from the early universe.If this discrepancy is not caused by the observation error and systematic error of any of the observation methods,it probably means that there is a new physics beyond the existing standard model of cosmology.This article briefly reviews the Hubble constant problem from two aspects with observational and theoretical points of view,and finally provide a perspective view from both observational and theoretical aspects by combining the author’s research on this problem in recent years.The observational review includes cosmological observations from both early Universe(either depending or independent of the CMB measurements)and late Universe(either depending or independent of the distant-ladder measurements),and the theoretical review includes model buildings from modifying both early Universe(either recombination history or expansion history)and late Universe(either homogeneous modifications or inhomogeneous modifications).The final observational perspective includes both local and non-local cosmic variances with their Hubble residual correlated to the matter density contrasts of observer and sample,respectively,and the final theoretical perspective concludes the interacting dark energy model as the most promising candidate for both Hubble tension and S8 tension,which can be specifically realized in a chameleon dark energy model,pointing to a scale-dependent effective cosmological constant.

关 键 词：哈勃常数 距离阶梯 宇宙学模型 系统误差 新物理 

分 类 号：P159[天文地球—天文学]