O,O-二甲基-O-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)磷酸酯对玉足海参幼体的急性毒性和病理学损伤  

Acute Toxicity and Pathological Damage of O,O-dimethyl-O-(2,2-dichloroethyl)Phosphate on Juvenile Holothuria leucospilota

作　　者：谭文婷 曹慕华 梁晓霞 陆惠莲 黄文 原丽红 Tan Wenting;Cao Muhua;Liang Xiaoxia;Lu Huilian;Huang Wen;Yuan Lihong(School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Animal Science Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Fisheries Research Institute)/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学生命科学与生物制药学院,广州510006 [2]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所(水产研究所)/广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2023年第6期283-292,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2022KCXTD017);广东省农业科学院人才计划资助项目(R2020YJ-QG001,R2022PY-QY008)。

摘　　要：本文初步探究O,O-二甲基-O-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)磷酸酯(dichlorvos,DDVP)对玉足海参的毒理作用,为玉足海参的健康养殖及食用安全提供理论依据,并为探究DDVP对海参的急性毒性作用与毒性损伤机制奠定基础。选取玉足海参幼体作为急性毒性实验对象,根据预实验结果设置6个药液处理组及1个对照组,每组设置3个平行,统计海参死亡率并通过SPSS计算出DDVP对海参的半数致死浓度(LC_(50))及安全浓度(SC)。通过对海参组织结构的观察,确定DDVP对海参器官(肠道、呼吸树、体壁)的病理损害情况。急性毒性实验结果表明,DDVP对玉足海参幼体96 h-LC_(50)为103.206 mg·L^(-1),SC为10.3206 mg·L^(-1)。病理切片结果显示,随着DDVP浓度的升高与作用时间的延长,海参呼吸树组织出现了内膜和体腔上皮肥大及融合、肌肉层受损,部分上皮脱落、解体;肠道组织黏膜下层变薄,分泌物层消失,结缔组织坏死、分散;体壁组织角质及上皮层破碎,内皮层细胞死亡和胶原纤维损伤。因此,本文明确了DDVP对玉足海参幼体的LC 50和SC,并初步分析了DDVP对玉足海参幼体的毒性损伤作用。This article preliminarily explores the toxicological effects of O,O-dimethyl-O-(2,2-dichloroethyl)phosphate(DDVP)on sea cucumbers,providing a theoretical basis for the healthy cultivation and food safety of Holothuria leucospilota,a tropical sea cucumber,and laying a foundation for exploring the acute toxicity and toxic damage mechanism of DDVP on sea cucumbers.According to data of pre-experiment,juvenile H.leucospilota were used as research targets,and 6 experimental groups and 1 blank control group,with 3 parallel groups in each group were set up.The mortality rate was calculated and the half lethal concentration(LC_(50))and safe concentration(SC)of DDVP were analyzed by SPSS.By observing the tissue structure of sea cucumber,the pathological damage of DDVP on sea cucumber organs(intestine,respiratory tree,body wall)was observed by tissue slices.The result indicated that the 96 h-LC_(50)of DDVP to juvenile H.leucospilota was 103.206 mg·L^(-1)and SC was 10.3206 mg·L^(-1).With the increase of DDVP concentration and time extension,varying degrees of damage and necrosis were observed on multiple organs.For example,hypertrophy and fusion of intima and coelomic epithelium,damage of muscle layer,partial shedding and disintegration of some epithelium occurred in the respiratory tree;the submucosa of intestinal tissue became thinner,the secretion layer disappeared,and the connective tissue was necrotic and dispersed;stratum corneum and epithelial layer were broken,endothelial cells died and fiber network damaged in body wall.In this study,we determined the LC_(50)and SC of DDVP and preliminarily analyzed the toxic damage effect of DDVP on juvenile H.leucospilota.

关 键 词：敌敌畏 玉足海参 急性毒性 病理学损伤 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]