草甘膦农药对西藏土壤蓝藻Loriellopsis cavernicola的光合作用抑制机制研究  

Inhibition Mechanism of Glyphosate Agrichemical on Photosynthesis in Xizang Soil Cyanobacterium Loriellopsis cavernicola

作　　者：陈子旭 张逸霄 李小燕[1] 吴新国[2] 陈兰洲[2] 王高鸿[1,3] 彭婷婷 Chen Zixu;Zhang Yixiao;Li Xiaoyan;Wu Xinguo;Chen Lanzhou;Wang Gaohong;Peng Tingting(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Resource&Environmental Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Science,Tibet University,Lasha 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学资源环境学院,武汉430079 [3]西藏大学理学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2023年第6期293-301,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：载人航天工程项目(YYWT-0801-EXP-09);中国科学院先导A项目(XDA17010502)。

摘　　要：西藏自治区除草剂平均使用量高于全国平均水平,但有关除草剂对土壤藻类的影响鲜有研究。以西藏土壤结皮蓝藻Loriellopsis cavernicola为材料,综合分析光合作用活性、光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光和抗氧化系统活性,研究了草甘膦农药对蓝藻光合作用的抑制作用。结果发现:(1)低浓度的草甘膦农药(5 mmol·L^(-1))对蓝藻光合作用活性影响不明显,而高浓度草甘膦农药(20 mmol·L^(-1))则显著抑制;(2)高浓度草甘膦农药对光合系统的抑制表现在最大光化学效率降低和电子传递效率下降;(3)草甘膦农药会引起蓝藻细胞内活性氧含量上升、膜脂过氧化升高和光合色素含量降低现象。本研究结果表明,草甘膦农药对土壤蓝藻Loriellopsis cavernicola光合系统电子传递链产生抑制作用,造成活性氧泄漏、膜脂过氧化,同时引起光合色素降解,继而进一步破坏光合系统结构,造成藻类光合作用效率降低。由于蓝藻是土壤微生态系统的重要生产者,因此减少除草剂有利于保护西藏土壤环境和维持土壤微生态健康。The average herbicide used in the Xizang Autonomous Region is higher than the national average of China,but there is limited information about the effect of herbicide on Xizang soil cyanobacteria.In this study,a Xizang soil cyanobacterium Loriellopsis cavernicola was used as material to investigate the inhibition effect of glyphosate agrichemical on cyanobacterial photosynthesis through the analysis of photosynthetic activity,photosynthetic pigments contents,chlorophyll fluorescence,and antioxidant system activity.The results showed that:(1)low concentration(5 mmol·L^(-1))of glyphosate agrichemical didn’t affect photosynthesis obviously,while high concentration(20 mmol·L^(-1))inhibited photosynthesis significantly;(2)the inhibition of the high concentration of glyphosate agrichemical on photosynthesis was manifested by the decrease in the maximum photochemical efficiency and electron transport efficiency;(3)glyphosate agrichemical caused high ROS content and lipid peroxidation,but low photosynthetic pigment content.The results indicated that the glyphosate agrichemical can influence photosynthetic electron transport chain,increase ROS leakage and membrane peroxidation,and degrade photosynthetic pigments,which will then destroy the structure of photosystem,and reduce photosynthesis activity in cyanobacterium.Since cyanobacterium is an essential producer of the soil micro-ecosystem,reducing the glyphosate agrichemical could protect the Xizang soil environment and maintain soil micro-ecosystems health.

关 键 词：草甘膦农药 西藏土壤蓝藻 光合活性 叶绿素荧光 抗氧化系统 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]