城乡劳动力市场一体化能提升出口产品质量吗:基于2006年统筹城乡就业试点的准自然实验  

Will the integration of urban and rural labor markets improve export quality:A quasi-natural experiment based on the 2006 urban-rural coordinated employment pilot

作　　者：阳立高[1] 于金柳 龚世豪[1] 丁丹[1] YANG Ligao;YU Jinliu;GONG Shihao;DING Dan(School of Economics&Management,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410076,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,湖南长沙410076

出　　处：《中国软科学》2023年第11期159-174,共16页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AJL012)。

摘　　要：探寻提高出口产品质量进而培育出口竞争新优势,是实现由贸易大国向贸易强国转变的重要路径,也是政策制定者和学术界共同关心的重大问题。利用2000—2008年中国工业企业和中国海关进出口的匹配数据,基于2006年统筹城乡就业试点的准自然实验,考察了城乡劳动力市场一体化对企业出口产品质量的影响。研究发现,城乡劳动力市场一体化对企业出口产品质量产生了显著且稳健的促进作用,参加统筹城乡就业试点后,所在地企业出口产品质量提升幅度约12.1%。动态效应检验发现,城乡劳动力市场一体化对企业出口产品质量影响的提升作用在整体上呈现先增强后减弱的倒U型特征。异质性检验发现,城乡劳动力市场一体化对企业出口产品质量的影响具有明显的异质性,即对于非国有企业、差异化产品企业、内陆地区企业和劳动密集型企业产生更大的促进作用。影响机制检验发现,城乡劳动力市场一体化主要通过提高企业劳动力技能进而促进出口产品质量升级,而一体化带来的用工成本上升在一定程度上不利于出口产品质量升级。Seeking to improve the quality of export products and cultivate the new advantages of export competition is an important way to realize the transformation from a trade power to a trade power,and it is also a major issue of common concern to policy makers and academics.This paper uses the matching data of China's industrial enterprises and China's customs import and export data from 2000 to 2008,based on the quasi-natural experiment of the urban and rural employment planning in 2006,to investigate the impact of the integration of urban and rural labor markets on the quality of export products of enterprises.The study found that the integration of the urban and rural labor markets has had a significant and steady role in promoting the quality of export products of enterprises.After participating in the pilot project of coordinating urban and rural employment,the quality of export products of local enterprises has increased by about 12.1%.The dynamic effect test found that the improvement effect of the integration of the urban and rural labor market on the quality of the export products of enterprises presents an inverted U-shaped characteristic that first strengthens and then weakens.The heterogeneity test found that the impact of urban and rural labor market integration on the quality of export products of enterprises has obvious heterogeneity,and it has a greater promotion effect on nonstate-owned enterprises,differentiated products,enterprises in inland areas,and labor-intensive enterprises.The inspection of the impact mechanism found that the integration of the urban and rural labor markets mainly promoted the upgrading of the quality of export products through the improvement of labor skills,and the increase in labor costs brought about suppressed the quality of export products to a certain extent.The article believes that the promotion of labor market integration can achieve a win-win situation for the interests of workers and enterprises.

关 键 词：城乡劳动力市场一体化 出口产品质量 统筹城乡就业试点 

分 类 号：C976.1[经济管理—劳动经济]