塞罕坝森林生态系统对区域温度降水变化的影响  

Influence of forest ecosystem on regional temperature and precipitation variation in Saihanba region

作　　者：邢博 王英男 殷志强 邵海[1,2] 和泽康 XING Bo;WANG Yingnan;YIN Zhiqiang;SHAO Hai;HE Zekang(Command Center of Comprehensive Survey for Natural Resources,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100055,China;China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China;Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京100055 [2]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [3]自然资源部国土整治中心,北京100035

出　　处：《地质通报》2023年第12期2174-2184,共11页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：国家自然科学联合基金项目《北方关键生态功能区地表基质异质性对植被生态约束机理研究--以张承地区为例》(批准号:U2344227);中国地质调查局项目《承德资源环境承载能力综合地质调查与评价》(编号:DD20230489)

摘　　要：森林是地-气之间物质运移和能量传递的高效接口,能够影响局地的气候特性。运用MK趋势检验和突变点识别、小波分析方法,选取塞罕坝地区为研究对象,以围场县和多伦县为参照对象,获取3个气象站的温度和降水资料,分析了各站1961—2020年的年降水、月降水、年均温、年最高温、年最低温、月均温的演变规律,对比得到塞罕坝森林对局地气候特性的影响。结果表明,林地对温度的影响表现在:年际尺度上,林地能够降低局地年均温、最高温、最低温,森林虽然改变不了局地升温的变化趋势,但能推迟升温的起始时间,并加强年均温的短周期变化;季节和月尺度上,林地能够维持春末夏初温度稳定、长时间尺度没有升降趋势、缩小年际间7月平均温的差异,却拉大冬夏季的温差,在冬季林地更易于出现低温。林地对降水的影响表现在:年际尺度上,林地能够减缓降水量的年际间波动,同时使局地降水增加更快;林地的存在打破了降水的周期性,使降水表现出非周期性变化;季节和月尺度上,林地减小了年内降水的集中程度,同时减缓了6—7月降水的变化趋势。Forest is the highly-efficient interface between earth and atmosphere for substance migration and energy transfer,which can influence local climate characteristics.In this study,Mann-Kendall trend test and break points recognization,wavelet analysis were applied to analyze temperature and precipitation data over 60 years from 1961—2020 to characterize temperatures and precipitations in Saihanba on annual and monthly scales through contrasting those in Weichang and Duolun.It was found that at the interannual scale,forest decreased local annual average temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature.Although it could not change the rising trends of temperature,it delayed the beginning time of warming,and enhanced average temperature variation of interannual in short period.At the seasonal and monthly scale,forest maintained stable temperature in late spring and early summer and reduced average temperature variation of interannual in July,meanwhile widened temperature differences between summer and winter and more perienced low temperature in winter.At the interannual scale,forest decreased interannual variation of annual precipitation,speeded up precipitation rising and broke the cycle period of interannual.At the seasonal and monthly scale,forest dispersed precipitation to different seasons,and slowed down the rate of precipitation variation in June and July.

关 键 词：塞罕坝 森林生态系统 降水 温度 MK趋势检验 小波分析 地质调查工程 

分 类 号：P5[天文地球—地质学] X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]