海洋平台火灾情景下的应急疏散路径规划研究  

Study on path planning of emergency evacuation in offshore platform fire

作　　者：王涛 王琛 王程奥 崔二华 王彦富[1] WANG Tao;WANG Chen;WANG Cheng’ao;CUI Erhua;WANG Yanfu(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao Shandong 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第12期142-148,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52171353)。

摘　　要：为探究如何在海洋平台火灾态势复杂多变的环境下选择1条能保证疏散人员安全的逃生路径,基于最短路径算法,提出考虑火灾危害产物,包括温度、热辐射和有毒有害气体影响的最优疏散路线规划方法。首先,使用火灾仿真模拟软件(fire dynamics simulator,FDS)开展海洋平台火灾仿真模拟,获得火灾危害产物的时空分布数据;随后,基于改进之后的Dijkstra算法,规划得到海洋平台火灾场景下的最优疏散路径;最后,使用ArcGIS Engine进行二次开发,设计海洋平台火灾情景应急疏散指挥系统,并以某海洋平台火灾为例,进行应用分析。研究结果表明:相比于最短路径,该系统可在海洋平台发生火灾时,选出对人体伤害较小的1条逃生路径。研究结果可为海洋平台火灾情景下的人员应急疏散提供指导。In order to explore how to choose an escape path to ensure the safety of evacuees under the complex and changeable environment of offshore platform fire situation,an optimal evacuation path planning method considering the influence of fire hazard products,including temperature,thermal radiation and toxic gases,was proposed based on the shortest path algorithm.Firstly,the fire simulation software FDS(fire dynamics simulator)was used to carry out the fire simulation of the offshore platform,and the temporal and spatial distribution data of fire hazard products were obtained.Then,based on the improved Dijkstra algorithm,the optimal evacuation path in the offshore platform fire scenario was planned.Finally,the ArcGIS Engine was used for secondary development to design the emergency evacuation command system of offshore platform fire.The application analysis was carried out by taking an offshore platform fire as an example.The results show that compared with the shortest path,the system can choose a less harmful escape path in the offshore platform fire.The results can provide guidance for the emergency evacuation of personnel under the fire scenario of offshore platform.

关 键 词：路径规划 改进DIJKSTRA算法 海洋平台火灾 应急决策系统 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]