都会图景与画笔救国:《时代漫画》中的直言与隐义  

Urban Landscape and Paintbrushes to Save the Nation:Bluntness and Implicit Meanings in Times Comics

作　　者：彭志 Peng Zhi

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院中国文化研究所 [2]《中国文化》杂志社编辑部

出　　处：《上海文化》2023年第12期89-101,共13页Shanghai Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学青年项目“中国历代地方志版刻插图整理与研究”(项目号:21CF188)的中期成果。

摘　　要：《时代漫画》是民国时期重要的漫画杂志,刊登画作的主题以沪上都会图景与画笔救国济民两类尤具特色。对都会图景的考察,应放置在古与今、内与外、身与心的三重视域下予以观照。特质之一,摩登镜像中既有展现破除陈规、迎接新变,又有深陷寂寞空虚、放浪堕落;特质之二,物化女性包括自我物化以及被男性物化两种情形;特质之三,海派文化集中表现为对古典与雅致、现代与时尚的追慕。画笔救国的底色由同情下层民众凄惨生活、忧心社会陷入失序状态以及警惕日本蚕食华夏这三个部分构成,具体而言,即呈现自然灾害、连年战争、酷吏苛政对贫苦民众的侵凌,揭示深重陋俗、社会动荡、政府腐败带来的积弊,以及曝露日本经营伪满洲国、发动七七事变的企图。在艺术手法上,《时代漫画》多通过直言、隐义并重的方式实现对政治局势、社会生活的批判及讽刺。作为较早以讽刺和幽默为特色的画刊,《时代漫画》的主题表现与艺术手法奠定了其后各类漫画演进的基调,而保存在其中的大量文献将有助于推动文学、历史学、艺术学等不同学科的未来发展。Times comics is an important comic magazine during the republic of China,and the themes of paintings published are particularly distinctive in two categories of urban landscape of Shanghai and paint brushes saving the country and people.Investigation of urban landscape should be placed under three important perspectives of ancient and modern,inside and outside,body and mind.One of the characteristics of modern mirroring not only shows the break of the conventions and welcoming of new changes,but also the trapped conditions in loneliness and emptiness,and the depravity of licentious evil.The second trait is about the objectification of women including self-objectification and being objectified by men.The third trait of Shanghai culture focuses on the pursuit of being classical and elegant,modern and fashionable.And what underlies the brush to save the country is composed of three parts:sympathizing with the miserable life of the lower class people,worrying about the disorder of the society and being alert to the Japanese plot to encroach China.In terms of artistic techniques,Times Comics mainly criticizes and satirizes the political situation and social life through both blunt and implicit means.As an early pictorial magazine characterized by satire and humor,the theme expression and artistic techniques of Times Comics have laid the tone for the evolution of all kinds of comics since then,and a large number of documents preserved in it will help promote the future development of different disciplines such as literature,history and art.

关 键 词：都会图景 画笔救国 直言 隐义 《时代漫画》 

分 类 号：J218.2[艺术—美术] K26[历史地理—历史学] G239.29[历史地理—中国史]