轮罩间隙影响下的轮胎周围流场动力学分析  

Dynamic characteristics of flow field around tires with different wheel-cover clearance

作　　者：许一伟 许杰 程少阳 黄海波[1] XU Yiwei;XU Jie;CHENG Shaoyang;HUANG Haibo(School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211;Shanghai QianYi Auto Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201206)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学机械工程与力学学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]上海乾易汽车技术服务有限公司,上海201206

出　　处：《机械设计》2023年第11期93-98,共6页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975300)。

摘　　要：掌握车轮-轮罩间隙流场动力学特性对研究路面扬尘颗粒物具有非常重要的作用。文中采用稳态RNG k-ε模型建立整车空气动力学模型,研究不同车轮-轮罩间隙下车轮周围外流场的分布。结果发现:汽车行驶过程中车轮-轮罩周围出现了空气漩涡,并且出现明显的交汇和加强现象。随着车轮-轮罩间隙的增大,在交汇气流的影响下,50~60 mm范围内前轮气流形成漩涡核心角度快速增大,后随间隙的增大缓慢减小。后轮漩涡核心角度与轮罩间隙呈非线性增大的趋势。气流在后车轮外侧形成的分离涡变化一致逐渐增强,车轮轮毂的泵吸作用增强。The dynamic characteristics of the flow field of tire-wheel-cover clearance is of great importance for exploring the road dust particles.In this article,the steady-state RNG k-8 model is used to set up the aerodynamic model for the entire vehicle,and efforts are made to explore the distribution of the external flow field around the tires with different tire-wheel-cover clearance.The results show that when the car is running,there are air vortices around the tires and the wheel-covers,and obviously they are intersected and strengthened.With the ever-growing tire-wheel-cover clearance,influenced by the intersecting airflow the core angle of the vortex formed by the front-wheel airflow within the range of 50~60 mm rapidly increases,and then slowly decreases.The core angle of the rear-wheel vortex shows a non-linear increasing trend with the wheel-cover clearance.The separation vortex formed by the airflow on the outer side of the rear-wheel gradually increases in consistency,and the pumping effect of the wheel hub has strengthened.

关 键 词：车轮 气流场 涡旋 车轮-轮罩间隙 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]