基于PID控制在砂芯夹持系统中的稳定性优化  

Stability optimization of sand core clamping system based on PID control

作　　者：林显新 李玺 苏茜[1] 李国进[2] 周士凯 LIN Xianxin;LI Xi;SU Qian;LI Guojin;ZHOU Shikai(College of Mechanical Engineering,Guangxi Technological College of Machinery and Electricity,Nanning 530007;School of Electrical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530007;Guangxi Yuchai Foundry Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 537000)

机构地区：[1]广西机电职业技术学院机械工程学院,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学电气工程学院,广西南宁530007 [3]广西玉柴铸造有限公司,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《机械设计》2023年第11期117-121,共5页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：2021年教育部人文社科研究项目(YB2021020202);2023年度广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2023KY1115)。

摘　　要：针对铸造行业制芯段镂空砂芯装配过程抗压能力差和易裂的问题,文中以夹持器结构、夹持压力及机械振动等要素构建数学模型,分析其系统稳定性,增加PID控制器进行校正,采用Ziegler-Nichols法整定Kp,Ti和Td的参数值,获得PID控制器传递函数。经MATLAB/Simulink软件仿真分析系统动态响应性能,实现系统的最优控制,使系统超调量σ由34%减小至25%,有效减小了机械振动干扰对砂芯的冲击,保障了下一工序铸铁的合格率。In the casting industry,the assembly process of hollow sand core in the core-making section suffers poor compressive capacity and easy cracking.In this article,a mathematical model is set up,based on the elements such as clamper structure,clamping pressure and mechanical vibration.Efforts are made to explore the system stability,add the PID controller for correction,use the Ziegler-Nichols method to set the parameter values of Kp,T,and Ta,and obtain the PID controller's transfer function.The system's dynamic response performance is simulated and analyzed by means of MATLAB/Simulink,in order to realize optimal control of the system and make its overshootodecrease from 34%to 25%.As a result,the impact of interference caused by mechanical vibration on sand core has greatly reduced,and the qualified rate of cast iron in the next process is guaranteed.

关 键 词：PID控制器 Ziegler-Nichols法 系统稳定性 超调量 

分 类 号：TH12[机械工程—机械设计及理论]